Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Pathol. 2010 Jul;221(3):242-7. doi: 10.1002/path.2714.
Mouse models may provide an important tool for basic and applied research on human diseases. An ideal tumour model should replicate the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of human malignancy as well as the typical physiological effects and dissemination patterns. The histopathological and molecular genetic characterization of anaplastic plasmacytoma (APCT) in strain NSF.V(+) mice provides an example to achieve this goal for a specific lymphoma subtype. Firstly, it demonstrates that, like plasma-cell neoplasms in humans, those in mice occur as distinct subtypes. Secondly, it shows that mouse APCT exhibits striking parallels to possible human tumour counterparts for which good mouse models of de novo tumour development are sorely needed: IgM(+) multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. Thirdly, it strongly suggests that insertional somatic mutagenesis, by either a murine leukaemia virus or an oncogenic transposon, would be an effective experimental approach to accelerating malignant transformation of mature B cells and plasma cells in mice and, thereby, tagging and uncovering cancer driver genes that may be of great relevance for the tumour initiation and progression in lymphoma.
小鼠模型可为人类疾病的基础和应用研究提供重要工具。理想的肿瘤模型应复制人类恶性肿瘤的表型和分子特征，以及典型的生理效应和传播模式。NSF.V(+) 小鼠的间变性浆细胞瘤 (APCT) 的组织病理学和分子遗传学特征为实现特定淋巴瘤亚型的这一目标提供了一个范例。首先，它表明与人类浆细胞瘤一样，小鼠中的浆细胞瘤也发生为不同的亚型。其次，它表明，小鼠的 APCT 与可能的人类肿瘤对应物具有惊人的相似之处，而对于这些肿瘤，非常需要新的肿瘤发展的良好小鼠模型：IgM(+)多发性骨髓瘤和瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症。第三，它强烈表明，通过鼠白血病病毒或致癌转座子的插入性体细胞突变，将成为加速小鼠成熟 B 细胞和浆细胞恶性转化的有效实验方法，从而标记和揭示可能对淋巴瘤中肿瘤起始和进展具有重要意义的癌症驱动基因。
