National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2010 Jul;10(7):1049-59. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2010.495115.
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading human pathogen in the hospital and the community. Many S. aureus strains are resistant to antibiotics, making treatment of S. aureus infections often very complicated. In contrast to many other bacterial pathogens, a working vaccine has never been found for S. aureus despite considerable efforts in academia and pharmaceutical companies.
The latest strategies aimed at finding a working vaccine against S. aureus, including active and passive immunization efforts in pre-clinical and clinical stages, and the molecular reasons for why it may be difficult to develop a vaccine are discussed.
In addition to receiving an overview of current efforts in S. aureus vaccine research, the reader will understand that vaccine development for S. aureus may be difficult owing to the facts that S. aureus is a commensal microorganism and produces toxins that lyse white blood cells, thereby undermining a vaccine's role as a facilitator of opsonophagocytosis.
As a result of failed clinical trials with monovalent traditional vaccines, recent developments include a shift towards the potential use of polyvalent formulas and therapeutic antibodies and more systematic selection of optimal antigens.
金黄色葡萄球菌是医院和社区中主要的人类病原体。许多金黄色葡萄球菌菌株对抗生素具有耐药性，使得金黄色葡萄球菌感染的治疗常常非常复杂。与许多其他细菌病原体不同，尽管学术界和制药公司做出了相当大的努力，但从未发现针对金黄色葡萄球菌的有效疫苗。
讨论了旨在寻找针对金黄色葡萄球菌的有效疫苗的最新策略，包括临床前和临床阶段的主动和被动免疫努力，以及难以开发疫苗的分子原因。
除了概述金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗研究的当前进展外，读者还将了解到，由于金黄色葡萄球菌是一种共生微生物并产生破坏白细胞的毒素，从而削弱了疫苗作为促进调理吞噬作用的辅助物的作用，因此金黄色葡萄球菌的疫苗开发可能具有挑战性。
由于单价传统疫苗的临床试验失败，最近的发展包括转向多价配方和治疗性抗体的潜在用途，以及更系统地选择最佳抗原。
