Infectious Diseases Division, Bureau of Laboratories, Michigan Department of Community Health, Lansing, MI, USA.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2011 May;58(3):192-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01338.x.
Clostridium difficile (CD), Salmonella, Campylobacter and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major causes of morbidity in a variety of enteric diseases in humans and animals, but subclinical carriage in both is probably more common than are clinical cases. Little is known regarding the prevalence of these pathogens in animals raised for exhibit at Michigan county fairs or the frequency with which Michigan citizens raising these animals may have been subclinically colonized. To address these issues, 361 fecal specimens from 158 humans and 203 of their farm animals were cultured for CD, Salmonella and Campylobacter. Additionally, 50 people and their cattle were tested for EHEC. No EHEC, Salmonella or Campylobacter were detected. However, 16 specimens (4.4%) were positive for CD: 13 humans, two horses and one pig. None of the farm animal specimens submitted by any of the 13 CD-positive humans were positive for CD. Strain characterization [toxinotype, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)] demonstrated that the human CD isolates were similar to what has been reported previously in the general US population. We conclude that horses and farm animals (cattle, sheep, goats and swine) at 1-2 months before market weight showed no evidence of wide-spread carriage of the common enteric pathogens, including the recently reported CD toxinotype V. These results provide no support to the hypothesis that 4-H members or others visiting county fair animal husbandry projects in these counties may be at increased risk for acquisition of CD, Salmonella, Campylobacter or EHEC from animals.
艰难梭菌（CD）、沙门氏菌、弯曲杆菌和肠出血性大肠杆菌（EHEC）是人类和动物多种肠道疾病的主要致病原因，但临床病例之外，这些病原体在两者中的亚临床携带可能更为常见。对于在密歇根县集市中饲养的动物中这些病原体的流行率，以及饲养这些动物的密歇根公民亚临床定植的频率，人们知之甚少。为了解决这些问题，我们从 158 名人类和 203 名他们的农场动物中采集了 361 份粪便标本，用于培养 CD、沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌。此外，还对 50 人和他们的牛进行了 EHEC 检测。未检测到 EHEC、沙门氏菌或弯曲杆菌。然而，有 16 个标本（4.4%）对 CD 呈阳性：13 名人类、两匹马和一头猪。在 13 名 CD 阳性人类中提交的任何农场动物标本均未检测到 CD。菌株特征（毒素型、脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE））表明，人类 CD 分离株与之前在美国普通人群中报告的分离株相似。我们得出的结论是，在接近上市体重前 1-2 个月的马和农场动物（牛、羊、山羊和猪）没有广泛携带常见肠道病原体的证据，包括最近报道的 CD 毒素型 V。这些结果没有支持以下假设：在这些县参加县集市动物饲养项目的 4-H 成员或其他人可能会增加从动物中获得 CD、沙门氏菌、弯曲杆菌或 EHEC 的风险。
