R&D Center of Skin Science and Cosmetics, Enprani, Incheon, South Korea.
J Dermatol. 2010 May;37(5):448-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00808.x.
Hyaluronan, a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, retains water, maintains the extracellular spaces and facilitates the transport of ion solutes and nutrients. Hyaluronan is closely involved in keratinocyte proliferation, migration and differentiation. The synthesis of hyaluronan in vitro can be stimulated by several growth factors, including retinoids, dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist. In this study, we examined retinyl retinoate (a novel retinol derivative) on hyaluronan expression in primary human keratinocytes and in hairless mouse epidermal skin. Histochemistry using hyaluronan-binding protein revealed that topical retinyl retinoate increased the intensity of hyaluronan staining in murine skin. Moreover, topical retinyl retinoate increased CD44 (hyaluronan receptor) expression. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we assessed the expression level of the hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) gene in primary human keratinocytes and in hairless mouse epidermal skin. We found that retinyl retinoate upregulated mouse HAS2 and human HAS2 mRNA. Application of retinyl retinoate induced increasing transepidermal water loss less than retinol, retinoic acid and retinaldehyde. Taken together, we suggest that retinyl retinoate is more effective on hyaluronan production and less of an irritant than other retinoids.
透明质酸是一种非硫酸化的氨基葡聚糖，能保持水分、维持细胞外空间，并促进离子溶质和营养物质的运输。透明质酸与角质形成细胞的增殖、迁移和分化密切相关。体外透明质酸的合成可被多种生长因子刺激，包括视黄醇、二丁酰环腺苷单磷酸和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-α激动剂。在这项研究中，我们研究了视黄醇酯（一种新型视黄醇衍生物）对原代人角质形成细胞和无毛鼠表皮皮肤中透明质酸表达的影响。使用透明质酸结合蛋白的组织化学染色显示，局部应用视黄醇酯可增加小鼠皮肤中透明质酸染色的强度。此外，局部应用视黄醇酯还增加了 CD44（透明质酸受体）的表达。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应，我们评估了原代人角质形成细胞和无毛鼠表皮皮肤中透明质酸合酶 2（HAS2）基因的表达水平。我们发现视黄醇酯上调了小鼠 HAS2 和人 HAS2 mRNA 的表达。与视黄醇、维 A 酸和视黄醛相比，视黄醇酯的应用诱导的经表皮水分流失增加较少。综上所述，我们认为视黄醇酯在透明质酸生成方面比其他类视黄醇更有效，且刺激性更小。
