Philosophy Department, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
Nurs Philos. 2010 Jul;11(3):151-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-769X.2010.00433.x.
Nursing ethics centres on how nurses ought to respond to the moral situations that arise in their professional contexts. Nursing ethicists invoke normative approaches from moral philosophy. Specifically, it is increasingly common for nursing ethicists to apply virtue ethics to moral problems encountered by nurses. The point of this article is to argue for scepticism about this approach. First, the research question is motivated by showing that requirements on nurses such as to be kind, do not suffice to establish virtue ethics in nursing because normative rivals (such as utilitarians) can say as much; and the teleology distinctive of virtue ethics does not transpose to a professional context, such as nursing. Next, scepticism is argued for by responding to various attempts to secure a role for virtue ethics in nursing. The upshot is that virtue ethics is best left where it belongs - in personal moral life, not professional ethics - and nursing ethics is best done by taking other approaches.
护理伦理学的核心是护士应该如何应对其专业环境中出现的道德情况。护理伦理学家援引道德哲学的规范性方法。具体来说,越来越多的护理伦理学家将美德伦理学应用于护士遇到的道德问题。本文的目的是对这种方法持怀疑态度。首先,通过表明对护士的要求(例如要有爱心)不足以在护理中确立美德伦理学,因为规范的竞争对手(例如功利主义者)也可以这样说;而美德伦理学的目的论与职业环境(如护理)并不相同,从而提出了研究问题。接下来,通过回应各种试图在护理中为美德伦理学争取一席之地的尝试,为这种怀疑主义进行了辩护。结果是,美德伦理学最好保留在它所属的地方——在个人道德生活中,而不是职业道德中——而护理伦理学最好通过采用其他方法来完成。