Department of Biology (Botany), Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Aug-Sep;48(8-9):2448-53. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.010. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
Retama raetam (RR) fruits are used in Saudi traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Current study aimed at evaluating the potential and mechanisms of the antidiabetic activity of the RR methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral LD(50) of the extract was found to be 1995 mg/kg. The extract was administered once orally to STZ-diabetic rats at three dose levels; 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg/day for 4 consecutive weeks. RR extract at 250 or 500 mg/kg significantly lowered blood glucose levels at the 3rd and 1st week of treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, oral glucose tolerance test indicated that the same two doses significantly lowered glucose levels at 30 and 60 min after glucose challenge. Administration of RR extract at 500 mg/kg/day for 4 consecutive weeks significantly increased serum insulin level. In vitro studies indicated that the extract significantly inhibits glucose absorption by rat isolated intestine. The extract neither altered glucose uptake by rat isolated psoas muscle nor the activity of hepatic microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of RR improves STZ-induced diabetes in rats. This can be attributed, at least partly, to stimulating pancreatic insulin release and reducing intestinal glucose absorption.
瑞特姆瑞特（RR）果实被用于沙特传统医学中治疗糖尿病。本研究旨在评估 RR 甲醇提取物在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中的潜在降糖作用及其机制。该提取物的口服 LD50 值为 1995mg/kg。将提取物以 100、250 或 500mg/kg/天的三个剂量水平单次口服给予 STZ 糖尿病大鼠，连续 4 周。RR 提取物在 250 或 500mg/kg 时可分别在第 3 周和第 1 周显著降低血糖水平。同时，口服葡萄糖耐量试验表明，这两种剂量在葡萄糖负荷后 30 和 60 分钟时可显著降低血糖水平。连续 4 周给予 RR 提取物 500mg/kg/天可显著增加血清胰岛素水平。体外研究表明，该提取物可显著抑制大鼠离体肠对葡萄糖的吸收。该提取物既不改变大鼠离体腰大肌对葡萄糖的摄取，也不改变肝微粒体葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶的活性。总之，RR 的甲醇提取物可改善 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠的病情。这至少部分归因于刺激胰腺胰岛素释放和减少肠道葡萄糖吸收。
