Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-1284, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2010 Jun;57(3):697-718. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.02.005.
The adolescent female athlete has become a common part of the sports environment at all levels from childhood play to professional adult sports. This article considers various issues common to this athlete to help clinicians care for their patients. Basic sports physiology is reviewed and then specific conditions are considered, including iron deficiency anemia, stress urinary incontinence, breast issues (ie, pain, asymmetry, galactorrhea, injury), the female athlete triad (ie, menstrual dysfunction, abnormal eating patterns, and osteopenia or osteoporosis), and injuries. Clinical conundrums are considered including the difficulty in caring for a dedicated athlete whose intense love of her sport may lead to menstrual and bone loss complications. The knowledgeable clinician in the twenty-first century can be of considerable help to the female athlete who is at and beyond puberty.
青春期女性运动员已经成为从儿童游戏到专业成人运动的各个层次的体育环境中的常见部分。本文考虑了此类运动员共有的各种问题，以帮助临床医生照顾他们的患者。回顾了基本的运动生理学，然后考虑了特定的情况，包括缺铁性贫血、压力性尿失禁、乳房问题（即疼痛、不对称、泌乳、损伤）、女性运动员三联征（即月经功能障碍、饮食模式异常和骨质疏松症或骨质疏松症）以及损伤。本文还考虑了一些临床难题，包括照顾一名热衷于运动的运动员的困难，她对运动的热爱可能导致月经和骨质流失并发症。在 21 世纪，有知识的临床医生可以为青春期及以后的女性运动员提供很大的帮助。
