Kunitada S, Honma M, Ui M
Eur J Pharmacol. 1978 Mar 15;48(2):159-69. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(78)90325-4.
Administration of tyramine (with or without phentolamine) as well as induction of ether anesthesia or insulin hypoglycemia caused a sharp increase in plasma cyclic AMP in rats. Based on the findings that the treatment of rats with reserpine, 6-hydroxydopamine, cocaine or propranolol totally abolished tyramine-induced increases in plasma cyclic AMP, it was concluded that catecholamines released from sympathetic neuronal terminals by tyramine could activate adenylate cyclase via the stimulation of postsynaptic beta-adrenoceptors. In contrast, catecholamines secreted from adrenal medulla were largely responsible for the increase in plasma cyclic AMP induced by ether anesthesia; whereas glucagon, in addition to adrenal catecholamines, played a significant role in hypoglycemia-induced increases in plasma cyclic AMP. Assay of plasma cyclic AMP following these stimuli is very promising as a test for adrenergic activities in experimental and clinical studies.
给大鼠注射酪胺（无论是否同时注射酚妥拉明）以及诱导乙醚麻醉或胰岛素低血糖症，均可导致大鼠血浆环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）急剧增加。基于用利血平、6-羟基多巴胺、可卡因或普萘洛尔处理大鼠后，酪胺诱导的血浆cAMP增加完全消失这一发现，得出的结论是，酪胺从交感神经末梢释放的儿茶酚胺可通过刺激突触后β-肾上腺素能受体激活腺苷酸环化酶。相比之下，肾上腺髓质分泌的儿茶酚胺在很大程度上导致了乙醚麻醉诱导的血浆cAMP增加；而胰高血糖素除了肾上腺儿茶酚胺外，在低血糖诱导的血浆cAMP增加中也起重要作用。在这些刺激后检测血浆cAMP，作为实验和临床研究中肾上腺素能活性的一项检测，非常有前景。
