Lehnerdt G, Hoffmann T K, Mattheis S, Brandau S, Zeidler R, Lang S
Universitäts-Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen.
HNO. 2010 Jul;58(7):713-23; quiz 724-5. doi: 10.1007/s00106-010-2108-8.
Classical prognostic factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) are based on general parameters such as tumor stage or histological grading and only allow for a rough estimation of the clinical course. However, predicting individual responses to treatment remains challenging and diverging clinical courses of same-stage HNSCC stage remain obscure. The need for a better understanding of the individual genomic or proteomic signature of HNSCC resulted in a great number of publications on novel biomarkers. Still, in most cancer centres therapy planning and risk appraisal are solely based on the classical factors with only a few exceptions such as HPV status in oropharyngeal carcinoma. Future improvements in biomarker research will probably be achieved with sets of various genomic and proteomic markers as provided by microarray technology. This review highlights the criteria for a successful biomarker candidate, gives an overview on the most important new biomarkers, and introduces the principles of genomic and proteomic biomarker chips.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的经典预后因素基于肿瘤分期或组织学分级等一般参数，仅能对临床病程进行粗略估计。然而，预测个体对治疗的反应仍然具有挑战性，且同一分期HNSCC的不同临床病程仍不明确。由于需要更好地了解HNSCC的个体基因组或蛋白质组特征，因此出现了大量关于新型生物标志物的出版物。尽管如此，在大多数癌症中心，治疗计划和风险评估仍然仅基于经典因素，只有少数例外情况，如口咽癌中的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）状态。未来生物标志物研究的进展可能通过微阵列技术提供的各种基因组和蛋白质组标志物组合来实现。本综述强调了成功的生物标志物候选物的标准，概述了最重要的新型生物标志物，并介绍了基因组和蛋白质组生物标志物芯片的原理。
