室内过敏原暴露的性别差异及其与当前鼻炎的关系。

Gender differences in indoor allergen exposure and association with current rhinitis.

机构信息

Department of Environmental Immunology, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Clin Exp Allergy. 2010 Sep;40(9):1388-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03543.x. Epub 2010 Jun 9.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03543.x

PMID:20545709

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Differences between boys and girls in allergic manifestations are well known, and this difference is possibly not attributed to physiological differences alone.

OBJECTIVE

We, therefore, investigated whether boys and girls could be exposed to different allergen levels at home and whether indoor allergen levels could be differently associated with rhinitis in boys and girls at 10 years of age.

METHODS

Cat, dog and house dust mite (HDM) allergen levels in mattress dust and interview data regarding current allergic disease were available for 797 10-year-old children (360 girls) in The Environment and Childhood Asthma Study in Oslo.

RESULTS

Girls had higher concentrations of cat and dog allergens in their mattresses compared with boys, also in homes without cats [geometric mean 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 0.37 (0.31, 0.44) for girls and 0.26 (0.23, 0.30) microg cat allergen/g dust for boys, P=0.002], and without dogs [girls: 0.74 (0.63, 0.86) and boys: 0.55 (0.48, 0.62) microg dog allergen/g dust, P=0.003]. No difference was observed for HDM allergen (Der p 1) levels. Of the 190 (23.8%) children reporting current rhinitis, 144 (75.8%) were sensitized to at least one allergen. The adjusted odds ratio for current rhinitis increased with 1.20 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.42) per 1 microg/g dust increase in Der p 1 for girls (P=0.037), but not for boys (P=0.91).

CONCLUSION

Girls had higher levels of cat and dog allergens in mattress dust compared with boys, whereas no difference was observed for Der p 1 allergen. Nevertheless, only increasing levels of Der p 1 and not cat and dog allergens significantly increased the risk of current rhinitis in girls, whereas no significant association was observed for boys.

摘要

背景

男孩和女孩在过敏表现上存在差异是众所周知的，这种差异可能不仅仅归因于生理差异。

目的

因此，我们研究了男孩和女孩是否可能在家中接触到不同水平的过敏原，以及室内过敏原水平是否与 10 岁男孩和女孩的鼻炎有不同的关联。

方法

在奥斯陆儿童哮喘与环境研究中，我们获得了 797 名 10 岁儿童（360 名女孩）的床垫灰尘中猫、狗和屋尘螨（HDM）过敏原水平以及当前过敏疾病的访谈数据。

结果

与男孩相比，女孩的床垫中猫和狗过敏原浓度更高，即使在没有猫的家庭中也是如此[几何平均 95%置信区间（95%CI）：女孩为 0.37（0.31，0.44），男孩为 0.26（0.23，0.30）μg 猫过敏原/g 灰尘，P=0.002]，也没有狗的家庭[女孩：0.74（0.63，0.86），男孩：0.55（0.48，0.62）μg 狗过敏原/g 灰尘，P=0.003]。对于 HDM 过敏原（Der p 1）水平，没有观察到差异。在 190 名（23.8%）报告当前鼻炎的儿童中，有 144 名（75.8%）对至少一种过敏原过敏。对于女孩，Der p 1 每增加 1μg/g 灰尘，当前鼻炎的调整比值比增加 1.20（95%CI：1.01，1.42）（P=0.037），但对于男孩则不然（P=0.91）。