Inserm, U674, Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, F-75010 Paris, France.
Dig Liver Dis. 2010 Jul;42 Suppl 3:S235-41. doi: 10.1016/S1590-8658(10)60511-7.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent tumour derived from the malignant transformation of hepatocytes. It is well established that cancer is a disease of the genome and, as in other types of solid tumours, a large number of genetic and epigenetic alterations are accumulated during the hepatocarcinogenesis process. Recent developments using comprehensive genomic tools have enabled the identification of the molecular diversity in human HCC. Consequently, several molecular classifications have been described using different approaches and important progress has been made particularly with the transcriptomic, genetic, chromosomal, miRNA and methylation profiling. On the whole, all these molecular classifications are related and one of the major determinants of the identified subgroups of tumours are gene mutations found in oncogenes and tumour suppressors. However, the full understanding of the HCC molecular classification requires additional comprehensive studies using both genomic and pathway analyses. Finally, a refinement of the molecular classification of HCC, taking into account the geographical and genetic diversity of the patients, will be essential for an efficient design of the forthcoming personalized clinical treatments.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的源自肝细胞恶性转化的肿瘤。众所周知，癌症是一种基因组疾病，与其他类型的实体瘤一样，在肝癌发生过程中会积累大量的遗传和表观遗传改变。最近使用全面基因组工具的发展使得能够鉴定人类 HCC 的分子多样性。因此，使用不同方法已经描述了几种分子分类，并且在转录组、遗传、染色体、miRNA 和甲基化分析方面取得了重要进展。总的来说，所有这些分子分类都是相关的，并且肿瘤中发现的癌基因和抑癌基因突变是确定肿瘤亚群的主要决定因素之一。然而，要充分了解 HCC 的分子分类，还需要使用基因组和途径分析进行更多的综合研究。最后，考虑到患者的地理和遗传多样性，对 HCC 的分子分类进行细化对于即将进行的个性化临床治疗的有效设计至关重要。
