Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom.
Soc Sci Med. 2010 Aug;71(4):786-98. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.013. Epub 2010 May 12.
People that move home within developed countries report, on average, better health than non-movers. Pregnant women, new mothers and infants are particularly mobile, but the limited evidence regarding the relationship between their mobility and health suggests they may not conform to the 'healthy migrant' effect. This paper examines the relationship between mobility and health among these groups in the UK, using logistic regression to analyse cross-sectional data for 18,197 families in the Millennium Cohort Study wave one. It compares health status variables among mobile and non-mobile families; describes mobile families' socio-demographic characteristics; explores associations between health outcomes, reasons for residential moves, and experiences of homelessness; and assesses the association between mobility and health care utilisation, social support and residential satisfaction. The paper concludes that mobile pregnant women, new mothers and infants do have poor health outcomes in comparison to non-movers, but this is primarily explained by their socio-demographic characteristics and the negative circumstances associated with a minority of their moves. Families that moved during pregnancy and infancy had worse self-rated health and depression among mothers, and lower birth weight and higher risk of accidents among infants, than non-movers. Mothers in mobile families were younger and had lower levels of education and owner-occupation than non-movers. After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics mobility was weakly and non-significantly associated with most health variables with the exception of self-rated health and depression among mothers who moved for negative reasons (such as relationship breakdown or problems with neighbours), or had been homeless since birth. After adjustment mobile families had lower levels of most measures of health care utilisation compared to non-movers, but mothers did not report less frequent social contacts, and those that moved during infancy for positive reasons (such as wanting a better home or neighbourhood) had greater satisfaction with home and area.
在发达国家，搬家的人平均比不搬家的人报告有更好的健康状况。孕妇、新妈妈和婴儿特别容易搬家，但关于他们的流动性和健康之间关系的有限证据表明，他们可能不符合“健康移民”效应。本文使用逻辑回归分析了英国这些群体的流动性和健康之间的关系，使用千禧年队列研究第一波的 18197 个家庭的横断面数据进行分析。它比较了流动家庭和非流动家庭的健康状况变量；描述了流动家庭的社会人口特征；探讨了健康结果、居住迁移原因和无家可归经历之间的关联；并评估了流动性与医疗保健利用、社会支持和居住满意度之间的关联。本文的结论是，与非流动家庭相比，流动的孕妇、新妈妈和婴儿的健康状况较差，但这主要是由他们的社会人口特征和少数流动家庭所面临的负面情况所解释的。在怀孕期间和婴儿期搬家的家庭的母亲自评健康状况和抑郁状况较差，婴儿的出生体重较低，发生事故的风险较高，而非流动家庭的母亲自评健康状况和抑郁状况较差。流动家庭的母亲比非流动家庭的母亲年龄更小，受教育程度和自有住房比例更低。在调整社会人口特征后，除了由于负面原因（如关系破裂或与邻居有问题）或从出生起就无家可归而搬家的母亲的自评健康状况和抑郁状况外，流动性与大多数健康变量之间的关联微弱且不显著。调整后，与非流动家庭相比，流动家庭的大多数医疗保健利用指标水平较低，但母亲报告的社交联系频率并不低，并且那些因为积极原因（如想要更好的家和社区）而在婴儿期搬家的母亲对家和地区的满意度更高。
