Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;88(4):414-21. doi: 10.1139/y09-126.
Recent studies have reported that estrogen and progesterone have a neuroprotective effect after traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the mechanism(s) for this effect have not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of sex steroid hormones on changes in brain edema, intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) after TBI in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In this study, 50 female rats were divided into 5 groups: control (intact), sham, and 3 TBI groups consisting of vehicle, estrogen (1 mg/kg), and progesterone (8 mg/kg). TBI was induced by the Marmarou method, and the hormones were injected i.p. 30 min after TBI. ICP was measured in the spinal cord, and CPP was calculated by subtracting the mean arterial pressure (MAP) from ICP. The results revealed that brain water content after TBI was lower (p < 0.001) in the estrogen and progesterone groups than in the vehicle group. After trauma, ICP was significantly higher in TBI rats (p < 0.001). The ICP in the estrogen and progesterone groups decreased at 4 and 24 h after TBI compared with vehicle (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). The CPP in the estrogen and progesterone groups increased after 24 h compared with vehicle (p < 0.001). Also after TBI, the neurological score (veterinary coma scale) was significantly higher than vehicle at 1 h (p < 0.01) and 24 h (p < 0.001) in the group treated with estrogen. In conclusion, pharmacological doses of estrogen and progesterone improved ICP, CPP, and neurological scores after TBI in OVX rats, which implies that these hormones play a neuroprotective role in TBI.
最近的研究报告称，雌激素和孕激素对创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后具有神经保护作用；然而，其作用机制尚未阐明。本研究旨在探讨性激素对去卵巢（OVX）大鼠 TBI 后脑水肿、颅内压（ICP）和脑灌注压（CPP）变化的影响。在这项研究中，将 50 只雌性大鼠分为 5 组：对照组（完整）、假手术组和 3 个 TBI 组，分别为 vehicle、雌激素（1mg/kg）和孕激素（8mg/kg）组。TBI 采用 Marmarou 法诱导，激素在 TBI 后 30 分钟通过腹腔注射给药。在脊髓内测量 ICP，通过从平均动脉压（MAP）中减去 ICP 来计算 CPP。结果显示，TBI 后雌激素和孕激素组的脑水含量低于 vehicle 组（p<0.001）。创伤后，TBI 大鼠的 ICP 显著升高（p<0.001）。与 vehicle 组相比，雌激素和孕激素组在 TBI 后 4 小时和 24 小时时 ICP 降低（p<0.001 和 p<0.05）。与 vehicle 组相比，雌激素和孕激素组在 24 小时后 CPP 增加（p<0.001）。此外，在 TBI 后，与 vehicle 组相比，用雌激素治疗的大鼠在 1 小时（p<0.01）和 24 小时（p<0.001）时的神经评分（兽医昏迷评分）显著升高。总之，雌激素和孕激素的药理学剂量可改善 OVX 大鼠 TBI 后的 ICP、CPP 和神经评分，这表明这些激素在 TBI 中发挥神经保护作用。
