Gutiérrez Fisac J L, Regidor Poyatos E
Subdirección General de Información Sanitaria y Epidemiología, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid.
Med Clin (Barc). 1991 Mar 30;96(12):453-5.
Due to the limitations of mortality and morbidity as measures of the health status in developed countries, the elaboration of health indexes which include quality of life in addition to life duration has been proposed. The aim of the present article is to report the results of the calculation for Spain in 1986 of one of these indexes, the expectancy of life free from disability (ELFD).
The life expectancy (LE) and the ELFD were calculated on the basis of data from health surveys by interview and mortality data from routine statistics. This method was proposed by Sullivan in 1971 on the basis of the procedure of life tables.
The results showed that the difference in LE between sexes was reduced when the years lived in disability were taken into account. Thus, while LE at birth was 79.6 years in females and 73.2 in males, the ELFD was 62.6 and 60.8, respectively.
The important reduction in the difference between sexes regarding LE when ELFD is accounted for shows that the gain in years of life in females is obtained at the expense of years lived in disability. ELFD appears as a useful index for the evaluation of needs and the planning of social health services.
由于死亡率和发病率作为发达国家健康状况衡量指标存在局限性，因此有人提出制定除寿命外还包括生活质量的健康指数。本文旨在报告1986年西班牙对其中一项指数——无残疾预期寿命（ELFD）的计算结果。
预期寿命（LE）和ELFD是根据访谈健康调查数据和常规统计中的死亡率数据计算得出的。该方法由沙利文于1971年根据寿命表程序提出。
结果表明，当考虑到残疾生活年限时，两性之间的预期寿命差异减小。因此，出生时女性的预期寿命为79.6岁，男性为73.2岁，而无残疾预期寿命分别为62.6岁和60.8岁。
考虑无残疾预期寿命时，两性在预期寿命上的差异显著减小，这表明女性寿命的增加是以残疾生活年限为代价的。无残疾预期寿命似乎是评估需求和规划社会卫生服务的有用指标。
