Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Semin Plast Surg. 2004 May;18(2):131-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-829047.
For women with breast cancer, there are many treatment options, with surgery often the primary treatment for early-stage disease. An increasing number of women are choosing to have reconstruction following their mastectomies. Both surgical and medical treatments for breast cancer are increasingly evaluated not only on the basis of their safety and medical outcomes but also their impact on women's psychosocial and quality of life (QOL). The objective of this article is to describe current knowledge regarding the psychosocial adjustment of women undergoing reconstruction, identify limitations in the existing literature, and offer suggestions for the direction of future work in this area. Though most studies have found comparable general QOL in women who have different surgical treatments for breast cancer, some research suggests that reconstruction may provide benefits in terms of body image and sexuality, especially compared with women who have mastectomies only. Most of the existing studies have failed to consider the potential importance of demographic- and treatment-related variables on women's psychosocial adjustment. As reconstruction procedures continue to be developed and refined, the impact of these procedures on women's short- and long-term psychosocial adjustment and QOL is needed.
对于患有乳腺癌的女性，有许多治疗选择，手术通常是早期疾病的主要治疗方法。越来越多的女性选择在乳房切除术后进行重建。乳腺癌的手术和医疗治疗越来越不仅基于其安全性和医疗结果，而且还基于其对女性的社会心理和生活质量（QOL）的影响。本文的目的是描述正在进行重建的女性的社会心理调整的现有知识，确定现有文献的局限性，并为该领域未来工作的方向提出建议。尽管大多数研究发现，接受不同乳腺癌手术治疗的女性的总体 QOL 相当，但一些研究表明，重建在身体形象和性方面可能会带来益处，尤其是与仅接受乳房切除术的女性相比。大多数现有研究都没有考虑到女性社会心理调整与人口统计学和治疗相关变量的潜在重要性。随着重建程序的不断发展和完善，需要研究这些程序对女性短期和长期社会心理调整和 QOL 的影响。
