Colditz G A, Giovannucci E, Rimm E B, Stampfer M J, Rosner B, Speizer F E, Gordis E, Willett W C
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115-5899.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jul;54(1):49-55. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/54.1.49.
We studied relations between alcohol intake, body mass index, and diet in 89,538 women and 48,493 men in two cohort studies. Total energy increased with alcohol consumption (partial r = 0.11, P less than 0.001), and carbohydrate intake decreased from 153 g/d in abstainers to 131 g/d in women drinking 2.5.0-49.9 g alcohol/d. The decrease in carbohydrate intake was due mainly to decreased sugar consumption with higher alcohol intake (partial r = -0.05, P less than 0.001), reflecting decreased energy consumption from sources excluding alcohol. In men total energy increased with alcohol consumption (partial r = 0.19, P less than 0.001), from 7575.6 (abstainers) to 9821.5 kJ/d (greater than 50 g alcohol/d). Energy intake excluding alcohol varied little with alcohol intake (partial r = 0.003, P = 0.48) but sucrose intake decreased with higher alcohol intake. These data suggest that calories from alcohol were added to energy intake from other sources in men, and that in women, energy from alcohol intake displaced sucrose. The consumption of candy and sugar is inversely related to alcohol intake, raising the possibility that it is related to appetite for alcohol.
在两项队列研究中，我们对89538名女性和48493名男性的酒精摄入量、体重指数和饮食之间的关系进行了研究。总能量随着酒精摄入量的增加而增加（偏相关系数r = 0.11，P < 0.001），碳水化合物摄入量从戒酒者的153克/天降至每天饮用25.0 - 49.9克酒精的女性的131克/天。碳水化合物摄入量的减少主要是由于酒精摄入量增加导致糖的消耗量减少（偏相关系数r = -0.05，P < 0.001），这反映了除酒精外其他能量来源的消耗量减少。在男性中，总能量随着酒精摄入量的增加而增加（偏相关系数r = 0.19，P < 0.001），从7575.6（戒酒者）增至9821.5千焦/天（酒精摄入量大于50克/天）。排除酒精后的能量摄入量随酒精摄入量变化不大（偏相关系数r = 0.003，P = 0.48），但蔗糖摄入量随酒精摄入量增加而减少。这些数据表明，男性中酒精提供的热量被添加到了其他来源的能量摄入中，而在女性中，酒精摄入的能量替代了蔗糖。糖果和糖的消耗量与酒精摄入量呈负相关，这增加了其与酒精食欲相关的可能性。
