Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça, Vila da Manhiça, Rua 12, PO Box 1929, Maputo, Mozambique.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jul;83(1):152-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0578.
Antibiotic resistance in Africa is increasing but insufficiently recognized as a public health problem. However, there are scarce data for antimicrobial resistance trends among bloodstream isolates in sub-Saharan Africa. Antimicrobial drug resistance trends among bacteria isolated from blood of children < 15 years of age admitted to the Manhiça District Hospital in Mozambique during May 2001-April 2006 were monitored by disk diffusion. We documented a linear trend of increasing resistance throughout the study period to chloramphenicol among isolates of Non-typhi Salmonella (P < 0.001), Escherichia coli (P = 0.002), Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.001), and Haemophilus influenzae (P < 0.001). Increasing resistance to ampicillin was also observed for H. influenzae isolates (P < 0.001). We report trends of increasing resistance among the most frequent etiologies of bacteremia to the most commonly used antibiotics for empirical therapy in this community. Quinolones and third-generation cephalosporines may be needed in the short term to manage community-acquired infections.
非洲的抗生素耐药性正在增加，但尚未被充分视为公共卫生问题。然而，撒哈拉以南非洲血流感染分离株的抗菌药物耐药趋势数据稀缺。通过纸片扩散法监测了 2001 年 5 月至 2006 年 4 月期间莫桑比克马希埃拉区医院收治的<15 岁儿童血培养分离株的细菌对抗菌药物的耐药趋势。研究期间，我们记录了非伤寒沙门氏菌（P < 0.001）、大肠杆菌（P = 0.002）、金黄色葡萄球菌（P < 0.001）和流感嗜血杆菌（P < 0.001）对氯霉素的耐药性呈线性增加趋势。流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药性也呈上升趋势（P < 0.001）。我们报告了在该社区中最常用的经验性治疗抗生素中，最常见的菌血症病因的耐药性增加趋势。短期内可能需要使用喹诺酮类和第三代头孢菌素来治疗社区获得性感染。
