Laboratory of Microbiology, Society for Water Supply and Sanitation (SANASA), R. Abolição, Swift, CEP 13045-610, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Water Sci Technol. 2010;62(1):217-22. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.312.
Surface water contaminated by domestic sewage discharges is a potential source of pathogens, including protozoa. During 2005-2006, the source water (Atibaia River) of the Surface Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of Campinas city, São Paulo, Brazil was sampled to obtain an assessment of Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentrations. Calcium carbonate flocculation (CCF) and membrane filtration (MF) concentration techniques, with and without purification by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) were evaluated. The cysts and oocysts were detected by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and confirmed by differential interference contrast (DIC). Membrane filtration method generally produced higher recovery efficiency. Giardia spp. was detected in 87.5% of the water samples analyzed with densities ranging from 2.5 to 120 cysts per L. Cryptosporidium spp were detected in 62.5% and the concentrations ranged from 15 to 60 oocysts per L. Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentrations detected in this study were elevated and are associated with discharge of untreated sewage in Atibaia River. Measures should be taken to protect surface water from sources of contamination.
受生活污水排放污染的地表水是病原体（包括原生动物）的潜在来源。在 2005-2006 年期间，巴西圣保罗坎皮纳斯市地表水净化厂（WTP）的水源（阿提巴亚河）被采样，以评估隐孢子虫囊孢和贾第虫孢囊的浓度。评估了碳酸钙絮凝（CCF）和膜过滤（MF）浓缩技术，以及是否通过免疫磁分离（IMS）进行纯化。通过免疫荧光检测法（IFA）检测包囊和囊，并用微分干涉对比（DIC）确认。膜过滤法通常产生更高的回收率。用这种方法分析了 87.5%的水样，检测到的贾第虫密度范围为 2.5 至 120 个孢囊/升。检测到 62.5%的水样中存在隐孢子虫属，浓度范围为 15 至 60 个囊/升。本研究中检测到的隐孢子虫囊孢和贾第虫孢囊浓度较高，与阿提巴亚河未经处理的污水排放有关。应采取措施保护地表水免受污染。
