Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functionnal Food, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
Phytochemistry. 2010 Sep;71(13):1586-95. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.05.021. Epub 2010 Jul 3.
Brown seaweed contains several polysaccharides like laminaran, fucoidan and alginate. Laminaran is a beta-glucan that has shown anti-apoptotic and anti-tumoral activities, while galactofucan (fucoidan) is a sulfated polysaccharide that has displayed anticoagulant, anti-tumor, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. In this study, crude laminaran and galactofucan (fucoidan) were extracted from the brown seaweed Saccharina longicruris at four harvest periods (M05, A05, N05 and J06). The galactofucan M05 and N05 fractions were depolymerized (RDP) over 2 or 4h to give 4 RDP fractions (M05 RDP 2H, M05 RDP 4H, N05 RDP 2H and N05 RDP 4H) whose molecular weights, monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were determined by GC-MS. The laminaran fraction gave a molecular weight range from 2900 to 3300 Da and contained between 50.6% and 68.6% d-glucose and an average of 1.3% D-mannitol. The presence of a beta-(1,3) linkage between D-glucose in the main chain was observed, with branching at positions 6 and 2. The M05 fraction contained less branching than other laminaran fractions, which might have influenced its conformation in solution and thus its activity. The crude galactofucan fractions displayed a molecular weight range from 638 to 1529 kDa, whereas the RDP fractions had molecular weights <30 kDa. The structure of the galactofucan fractions remained complex after depolymerization, with these also being more sulfated (30-39%) than the crude fractions (13-20%). The crude and RDP fractions contained 3-linked fucopyranose 4-sulfate and 6-linked galactopyranose 3-sulfate moieties, although the galactofucans isolated from M05 and J06 contained less 6-linked galactopyranose 3-sulfate than the A05 and N05 fractions.
褐藻含有几种多糖，如昆布多糖、褐藻糖胶和藻酸盐。昆布多糖是一种β-葡聚糖，具有抗细胞凋亡和抗肿瘤活性，而半乳糖褐藻糖胶（褐藻糖胶）是一种硫酸化多糖，具有抗凝、抗肿瘤、抗血栓、抗炎和抗病毒特性。在这项研究中，从长茎褐藻 Saccharina longicruris 中提取了粗昆布多糖和半乳糖褐藻糖胶（褐藻糖胶），分别在四个收获期（M05、A05、N05 和 J06）进行了提取。半乳糖褐藻糖胶 M05 和 N05 级分在 2 或 4 小时内解聚（RDP），得到 4 个 RDP 级分（M05 RDP 2H、M05 RDP 4H、N05 RDP 2H 和 N05 RDP 4H），其分子量、单糖组成和糖苷键通过 GC-MS 确定。昆布多糖级分的分子量范围为 2900 至 3300 Da，含有 50.6%至 68.6%的 d-葡萄糖和平均 1.3%的 D-甘露醇。在主链中的 D-葡萄糖之间观察到β-（1,3）键的存在，在 6 位和 2 位有分支。与其他昆布多糖级分相比，M05 级分的分支较少，这可能影响了其在溶液中的构象，从而影响了其活性。粗褐藻糖胶级分的分子量范围为 638 至 1529 kDa，而 RDP 级分的分子量小于 30 kDa。解聚后褐藻糖胶级分的结构仍然复杂，这些级分的硫酸化程度也高于粗级分（30-39%）（13-20%）。粗级分和 RDP 级分含有 3-连接的岩藻糖吡喃糖 4-硫酸盐和 6-连接的半乳糖吡喃糖 3-硫酸盐，尽管从 M05 和 J06 分离的褐藻糖胶比 A05 和 N05 级分含有较少的 6-连接的半乳糖吡喃糖 3-硫酸盐。
