ICU, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2010 Aug;26(4):207-14. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2010.05.005.
Influenza is a common seasonal viral infection that affects large numbers of people. In early 2009, many people were admitted to hospitals in Mexico with severe respiratory failure following an influenza-like illness, subtyped as H1N1. An increased mortality rate was observed. By June 2009, H1N1 was upgraded to pandemic status. In June-July, Australian ICUs were experiencing increased activity due to the influenza pandemic. While hospitals implemented plans for the pandemic, the particularly heavy demand to provide critical care facilities to accommodate an influx of people with severe respiratory failure became evident and placed a great burden on provision of these services. This paper describes the initial experience (June to mid September) of the pandemic from the nursing perspective in a single Australian ICU. Patients were noted to be younger with a higher proportion of women, two of whom were pregnant. Two patients had APACHE III comorbidity. Of the 31 patients admitted during this period, three patients died in ICU and one patient died in hospital. Aerosol precautions were initiated for all patients. The requirement for single room accommodation placed enormous demands for bed management in ICU. Specific infection control procedures were developed to deal with this new pandemic influenza.
流感是一种常见的季节性病毒性感染，会影响大量人群。2009 年初，许多人在墨西哥因流感样疾病住院，经亚型鉴定为 H1N1 后出现严重呼吸衰竭。观察到死亡率上升。到 2009 年 6 月，H1N1 被升级为大流行状态。在 6 月至 7 月期间，由于流感大流行，澳大利亚 ICU 的活动增加。虽然医院实施了大流行计划，但为了容纳大量严重呼吸衰竭患者而提供重症监护设施的巨大需求变得明显，并对这些服务的提供造成了巨大负担。本文从澳大利亚单个 ICU 的护理角度描述了大流行的最初经验（6 月至 9 月中旬）。患者年龄较小，女性比例较高，其中两名孕妇。两名患者有 APACHE III 合并症。在这期间入院的 31 名患者中，有 3 名患者在 ICU 死亡，1 名患者在医院死亡。对所有患者都启动了飞沫预防措施。单人房住宿的需求对 ICU 的床位管理提出了巨大要求。专门制定了特定的感染控制程序来应对这种新的大流行流感。
