Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan.
Dev Growth Differ. 2010 Aug;52(6):493-504. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.2010.01175.x.
The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of three major cell types - neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes - which differentiate from common multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs). This differentiation process is regulated spatiotemporally during the course of mammalian development. It is becoming apparent that epigenetic regulation is an important cell-intrinsic program, which can interact with transcription factors and environmental cues to modulate the differentiation of NSCs. This knowledge is important given the potential of NSCs to produce specific CNS cell types that will be beneficial for clinical applications. Here we review recent findings that address molecular mechanisms of epigenetic and transcription factor-mediated regulation that specify NSC fate during CNS development, with a particular focus on the developing mammalian forebrain.
中枢神经系统（CNS）由三种主要细胞类型组成——神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞——它们从共同的多能神经干细胞（NSC）分化而来。这个分化过程在哺乳动物发育过程中具有时空特异性。表观遗传调控是一个重要的细胞内在程序，它可以与转录因子和环境线索相互作用，调节 NSC 的分化，这一点变得越来越明显。鉴于 NSCs 有可能产生特定的 CNS 细胞类型，这将对临床应用有益，因此了解这些知识非常重要。在这里，我们综述了最近的发现，这些发现涉及到在 CNS 发育过程中，通过表观遗传和转录因子介导的调节来指定 NSC 命运的分子机制，特别关注发育中的哺乳动物前脑。
