Rüfenacht Silvia, Roosje Petra J, Sager Heinz, Doherr Marcus G, Straub Reto, Goldinger-Müller Pamela, Gerber Vincent
Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Switzerland.
Vet Dermatol. 2011 Feb;22(1):17-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00892.x.
Chorioptes bovis infestation is a common cause of pastern dermatitis in the horse, with a predilection in draft horses and other horses with thick hair 'feathers' on the distal limbs. The treatment of this superficial mite is challenging; treatment failure and relapse are common. Furthermore, C. bovis infestation may affect the progression of chronic pastern dermatitis (also known as chronic proliferative pastern dermatitis, chronic progressive lymphoedema and dermatitis verrucosa) in draft horses, manifesting with oedema, lichenification and excessive skin folds that can progress to verruciform lesions. An effective cure for C. bovis infestation would therefore be of great clinical value. In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy of oral moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg body weight) given twice with a 3 week interval in combination with environmental treatment with 4-chloro-3-methylphenol and propoxur was tested in 19 heavily feathered horses with clinical pastern dermatitis and C. bovis infestation. Follow-up examinations over a period of 180 days revealed significantly more skin crusting in the placebo group than in the treatment group. However, no other differences in clinical signs or the numbers of mites detected were found between the two groups. The results of this study suggest that moxidectin in combination with environmental insecticide treatment as used in this study is ineffective in the treatment of C. bovis in feathered horses.
牛足螨感染是马跗关节皮炎的常见病因，在役用马和其他四肢远端有浓密毛发“羽饰”的马匹中更易发生。治疗这种体表螨虫具有挑战性；治疗失败和复发很常见。此外，牛足螨感染可能会影响役用马慢性跗关节皮炎（也称为慢性增殖性跗关节皮炎、慢性进行性淋巴水肿和疣状皮炎）的病程，表现为水肿、苔藓化和过多的皮肤褶皱，可发展为疣状病变。因此，有效治愈牛足螨感染具有重要的临床价值。在一项前瞻性、双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，对19匹患有临床跗关节皮炎和牛足螨感染的重羽饰马，测试了间隔3周口服两次莫西菌素（0.4毫克/千克体重）并结合用4-氯-3-甲基苯酚和残杀威进行环境处理的疗效。在180天的随访检查中，安慰剂组的皮肤结痂明显多于治疗组。然而，两组在临床症状或检测到的螨虫数量上没有发现其他差异。本研究结果表明，本研究中使用的莫西菌素与环境杀虫剂联合治疗对羽饰马的牛足螨感染无效。
