Fraser R, Bosanquet A G, Day W A
Atherosclerosis. 1978 Feb;29(2):113-23. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(78)90001-1.
A fenestrated endothelial lining of sinusoids in rat liver has been shown to separate chylomicrons of different sizes following their injection into the portal vein. This sieving may have physiological importance, since during low dietary fat intake some intestinal lipoproteins are probably small enough to contact liver cells, but during high dietary fat loads most chylomicrons are too large to pass through the filter and must first be degraded to smaller remnants. The liver plays a central role in cholesterol metabolism since it catabolises dietary cholesterol which inhibits synthesis of cholesterol to be circulated as liver-derived very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins. The sieving of chylomicrons, remnants and other lipoproteins by the sinusoidal endothelium of the liver may thus play an important role in lipid transport, affecting the balance of various lipoprotein moieties which in turn may affect the relationship of dietary lipids to various hyperlipidaemias and atherosclerosis.
大鼠肝脏血窦有窗孔的内皮衬里已被证明在将不同大小的乳糜微粒注入门静脉后可将其分离。这种筛分可能具有生理重要性，因为在低脂肪饮食摄入期间，一些肠脂蛋白可能小到足以与肝细胞接触，但在高脂肪饮食负荷期间，大多数乳糜微粒太大而无法通过该滤网，必须首先降解为较小的残粒。肝脏在胆固醇代谢中起核心作用，因为它分解饮食中的胆固醇，而饮食中的胆固醇会抑制胆固醇的合成，胆固醇会以肝脏来源的极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）和低密度脂蛋白的形式循环。因此，肝脏血窦内皮对乳糜微粒、残粒和其他脂蛋白的筛分可能在脂质转运中起重要作用，影响各种脂蛋白部分的平衡，而这反过来又可能影响饮食脂质与各种高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化的关系。
