肛门瘙痒
Pruritus ani.
作者信息
MacLean Joanne, Russell Darren
机构信息
Cairns Sexual Health Service, Queensland, Australia.
出版信息
Aust Fam Physician. 2010 Jun;39(6):366-70.
BACKGROUND
Anal pruritus affects up to 5% of the population. It is often persistent and the constant urge to scratch the area can cause great distress. Although usually caused by a combination of irritants, particularly faecal soiling and dietary factors, it can be a symptom of serious dermatosis, skin or generalised malignancy or systemic illness.
OBJECTIVE
This article discusses the assessment and management of pruritus ani.
DISCUSSION
It is important not to trivialise the symptom of anal pruritus and to enquire about patient concerns regarding diagnosis. Once serious pathology has been excluded, management involves education about the condition; elimination of irritants contributing to the itch-scratch cycle including faecal soiling, dietary factors, soaps and other causes of contact dermatitis; and use of emollients and topical corticosteroid ointments. Compounded 0.006% capsaicin appears to be a safe and valid option for pruritus not responding despite adherence to these conservative measures.
背景
肛门瘙痒影响多达5%的人群。它常常持续存在，持续搔抓该部位的冲动会造成极大困扰。虽然通常由多种刺激因素共同引起，尤其是粪便污染和饮食因素，但它可能是严重皮肤病、皮肤或全身性恶性肿瘤或全身性疾病的症状。
目的
本文讨论肛门瘙痒的评估与管理。
讨论
重要的是不要轻视肛门瘙痒症状，并询问患者对诊断的担忧。一旦排除严重病变，管理措施包括对病情的教育；消除导致瘙痒-搔抓循环的刺激因素，包括粪便污染、饮食因素、肥皂及其他接触性皮炎病因；以及使用润肤剂和外用糖皮质激素软膏。对于尽管坚持这些保守措施仍无反应的瘙痒，复方0.006%辣椒素似乎是一种安全有效的选择。
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