IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
Biotechnol Adv. 2010 Nov-Dec;28(6):817-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.07.001. Epub 2010 Jul 12.
Ethanol use as a fuel additive or directly as a fuel source has grown in popularity due to governmental regulations and in some cases economic incentives based on environmental concerns as well as a desire to reduce oil dependency. As a consequence, several countries are interested in developing their internal market for use of this biofuel. Currently, almost all bio-ethanol is produced from grain or sugarcane. However, as this kind of feedstock is essentially food, other efficient and economically viable technologies for ethanol production have been evaluated. This article reviews some current and promising technologies for ethanol production considering aspects related to the raw materials, processes, and engineered strains development. The main producer and consumer nations and future perspectives for the ethanol market are also presented. Finally, technological trends to expand this market are discussed focusing on promising strategies like the use of microalgae and continuous systems with immobilized cells.
由于政府法规以及出于环境问题以及减少石油依赖的考虑而在某些情况下实施的经济激励措施，乙醇作为燃料添加剂或直接作为燃料来源的使用越来越普及。因此，有几个国家有兴趣开发本国对这种生物燃料的市场。目前，几乎所有的生物乙醇都是由谷物或甘蔗生产的。然而，由于这种原料本质上是食物，因此已经评估了其他高效且经济可行的乙醇生产技术。本文考虑了与原材料、工艺和工程菌株开发相关的方面，综述了一些当前和有前途的乙醇生产技术。还介绍了主要的生产国和消费国以及乙醇市场的未来前景。最后，讨论了扩大该市场的技术趋势，重点关注使用微藻和固定化细胞的连续系统等有前途的策略。
