Sánchez Oscar J, Cardona Carlos A
Department of Chemical Engineering, National University of Colombia at Manizales, Cra. 27 No. 64-60 Of. F-505, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
Bioresour Technol. 2008 Sep;99(13):5270-95. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.013. Epub 2007 Dec 26.
Present work deals with the biotechnological production of fuel ethanol from different raw materials. The different technologies for producing fuel ethanol from sucrose-containing feedstocks (mainly sugar cane), starchy materials and lignocellulosic biomass are described along with the major research trends for improving them. The complexity of the biomass processing is recognized through the analysis of the different stages involved in the conversion of lignocellulosic complex into fermentable sugars. The features of fermentation processes for the three groups of studied feedstocks are discussed. Comparative indexes for the three major types of feedstocks for fuel ethanol production are presented. Finally, some concluding considerations on current research and future tendencies in the production of fuel ethanol regarding the pretreatment and biological conversion of the feedstocks are presented.
目前的工作涉及从不同原料进行燃料乙醇的生物技术生产。描述了从含蔗糖原料（主要是甘蔗）、淀粉质材料和木质纤维素生物质生产燃料乙醇的不同技术，以及改进这些技术的主要研究趋势。通过分析将木质纤维素复合物转化为可发酵糖所涉及的不同阶段，认识到生物质加工的复杂性。讨论了三类研究原料的发酵过程特点。给出了燃料乙醇生产的三种主要原料类型的比较指标。最后，就原料的预处理和生物转化，对燃料乙醇生产的当前研究和未来趋势提出了一些总结性思考。
