Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Free University of Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Biol Lett. 2011 Feb 23;7(1):39-42. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0482. Epub 2010 Jul 14.
Humans respond to unfair situations in various ways. Experimental research has revealed that non-human species also respond to unequal situations in the form of inequity aversions when they have the disadvantage. The current study focused on play fights in gorillas to explore for the first time, to our knowledge, if/how non-human species respond to inequities in natural social settings. Hitting causes a naturally occurring inequity among individuals and here it was specifically assessed how the hitters and their partners engaged in play chases that followed the hitting. The results of this work showed that the hitters significantly more often moved first to run away immediately after the encounter than their partners. These findings provide evidence that non-human species respond to inequities by trying to maintain their competitive advantages. We conclude that non-human primates, like humans, may show different responses to inequities and that they may modify them depending on if they have the advantage or the disadvantage.
人类会以各种方式对不公平的情况做出反应。实验研究表明，当处于劣势时，非人类物种也会以厌恶不平等的形式对不平等情况做出反应。本研究专注于大猩猩的玩耍打斗，首次探索了非人类物种是否/如何在自然社会环境中对不公平做出反应。击打会导致个体之间自然产生不平等，而在这里，特别评估了击打者及其伙伴在击打后如何参与追逐玩耍。这项工作的结果表明，与他们的伙伴相比，击打者在遭遇后立即逃跑时，更经常先移动。这些发现表明，非人类物种通过试图保持竞争优势来对不公平做出反应。我们得出结论，非人类灵长类动物和人类一样，可能对不公平做出不同的反应，并且它们可能会根据自己是否处于优势或劣势来改变这些反应。
