麻疯树植物醇在土壤中的生物降解。

Biodegradation of Jatropha curcas phorbol esters in soil.

机构信息

Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics (480b), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.

出版信息

J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Sep;90(12):2090-7. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4056.

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4056

PMID:20632388

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Jatropha curcas seed cake is generated as a by-product during biodiesel production. Seed cake containing toxic phorbol esters (PEs) is currently used as a fertiliser and thus it is of eco-toxicological concern. In the present study the fate of PEs in soil was studied.

RESULTS

Two approaches for the incorporation of PEs in soil were used. In the first, silica was bound to PEs, and in the second, seedcake was used. At day 0, the concentration of PEs in soil was 2.6 and 0.37 mg g(-1) for approach 1 and 2 respectively. PEs from silica bound PEs were completely degraded after 19, 12, 12 days (at 130 g kg(-1) moisture) and after 17, 9, 9 days (at 230 g kg(-1) moisture) at room temperature, 32 degrees C and 42 degrees C respectively. Similarly at these temperatures PEs from seed cake were degraded after 21, 17 and 17 days (at 130 g kg(-1) moisture) and after 23, 17, and 15 days (at 230 g kg(-1) moisture). Increase in temperature and moisture increased rate of PEs degradation. Using the snail (Physa fontinalis) bioassay, mortality by PE-amended soil extracts decreased with the decrease in PE concentration in soil.

CONCLUSION

Jatropha PEs are biodegradable. The degraded products are innocuous.

摘要

背景

麻疯树种子饼是生物柴油生产过程中的副产品。目前含有毒性的佛波醇酯（PEs）的种子饼被用作肥料，因此具有生态毒性问题。本研究研究了 PEs 在土壤中的归宿。

结果

采用两种方法将 PEs 掺入土壤中。第一种方法是将 PEs 与硅胶结合，第二种方法是使用种子饼。在第 0 天，方法 1 和 2 中土壤中 PEs 的浓度分别为 2.6 和 0.37mg g(-1)。在室温下，硅胶结合的 PEs 在 130 g kg(-1)水分和 12、12 天（在 230 g kg(-1)水分和 17、9 天）后完全降解，在 32°C 和 42°C 下分别在 19、12、12 天和 17、9、9 天后完全降解。同样在这些温度下，种子饼中的 PEs 在 130 g kg(-1)水分和 21、17 和 17 天（在 230 g kg(-1)水分和 23、17 和 15 天）后降解。温度和水分的增加加快了 PEs 的降解速度。使用田螺（Physa fontinalis）生物测定法，PE 处理的土壤提取物中的死亡率随着土壤中 PEs 浓度的降低而降低。