Midhet Farid M, Al-Mohaimeed Abdulrahman A, Sharaf Fawzy K
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Qassim University College of Medicine, Al-Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2010 Jul;31(7):768-74.
To assess the impact of diet and physical activity on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) after adjusting for family history of diabetes.
We conducted a case-control study in Al-Qassim, KSA to test the hypothesis that dietary practices and physical activity modify the risk of type 2 diabetes regardless of family history. Male and female Saudi citizens 30-70 years of age were eligible to participate. The sample included 283 cases (T2DM patients) and 215 non-diabetic controls randomly selected from patients visiting the primary health care centers from September to November 2009. We collected information on demographic variables, family history, dietary habits, and physical activity. Using logistic regression, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for dietary habits and physical activity after controlling for the effects of gender, age, education, and family history of diabetes.
There is strong association between diabetes and maternal history of diabetes, education, lack of exercise, and dietary habits. The AOR for regular eating of Kabsa was 5.5 (95% confidence limits [CL]: 2.3-13.5); for vegetables an AOR of 0.4 (95% CL: 0.2-0.7); for dates an AOR of 1.8 (95% CL: 1.0-3.3) ;and the AOR for sedentary lifestyle was 2.5 (95% CL: 1.2-5.0).
Healthy diet and active lifestyle may significantly decrease the risk of T2DM in spite of having a family history of diabetes. Effective health education programs promoting healthy diet and regular exercise are needed to reduce the burden of diabetes in Saudi Arabia.
在调整糖尿病家族史后，评估饮食和身体活动对沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）2型糖尿病（T2DM）风险的影响。
我们在沙特阿拉伯卡西姆进行了一项病例对照研究，以检验以下假设：无论家族史如何，饮食习惯和身体活动都会改变2型糖尿病的风险。年龄在30至70岁之间的沙特男性和女性公民有资格参与。样本包括283例病例（T2DM患者）和215名非糖尿病对照，这些对照是从2009年9月至11月到初级卫生保健中心就诊的患者中随机选取的。我们收集了有关人口统计学变量、家族史、饮食习惯和身体活动的信息。使用逻辑回归，在控制了性别、年龄、教育程度和糖尿病家族史的影响后，我们估计了饮食习惯和身体活动的调整优势比（AOR）。
糖尿病与糖尿病母亲史、教育程度、缺乏运动和饮食习惯之间存在密切关联。经常食用卡布萨的AOR为5.5（95%置信区间[CL]：2.3 - 13.5）；蔬菜的AOR为0.4（95% CL：0.2 - 0.7）；枣的AOR为1.8（95% CL：1.0 - 3.3）；久坐不动生活方式的AOR为2.5（95% CL：1.2 - 5.0）。
尽管有糖尿病家族史，但健康的饮食和积极的生活方式可能会显著降低T2DM的风险。需要开展有效的健康教育项目，促进健康饮食和定期锻炼，以减轻沙特阿拉伯的糖尿病负担。
