Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep-Oct;55(5):445-53. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Jul 16.
Although glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most important known risk factor. Different systemic and local factors are thought to influence an individual's IOP. There can be a clinically significant rise in IOP when going from upright to horizontal or inverted body positions. Although there is a significant interindividual variability, the magnitude of the IOP change is greater in glaucomatous eyes. As patients usually spend a significant portion of their lives in the horizontal position, mainly during sleep, this is highly relevant. In this review we discuss the relationship between postural changes and IOP fluctuation, including changes in both body and head position. The possible mechanisms involved and the main implications for glaucomatous eyes are discussed. Finally, considerations with regard to sleep position in glaucoma patients are made based on evidence in the literature.
虽然青光眼是一种多因素疾病，但升高的眼内压（IOP）仍然是已知的最重要的危险因素。不同的全身和局部因素被认为会影响个体的 IOP。从直立到水平或倒置的体位时，IOP 可能会出现明显升高。尽管个体之间存在显著的差异，但在青光眼眼中，IOP 变化的幅度更大。由于患者通常在水平位置（主要是在睡眠期间）度过大部分时间，因此这一点非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了体位变化与 IOP 波动之间的关系，包括身体和头部位置的变化。讨论了涉及的可能机制以及对青光眼眼的主要影响。最后，根据文献中的证据，讨论了青光眼患者睡眠姿势的注意事项。
