College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010 Oct;34(10):1813-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01269.x. Epub 2010 Jul 20.
Prenatal exposure to alcohol has a variety of morphologic and neurobehavioral consequences, yet more than 10% of women continue to drink during pregnancy, placing their offspring at risk for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Identification of at-risk pregnancies has been difficult, in part, because the presence and severity of FASD are influenced by factors beyond the pattern of alcohol consumption. Establishing maternal characteristics, such as maternal age, that increase the risk of FASD is critical for targeted pregnancy intervention.
We examined the moderating effect of maternal age on measures of attention in 462 children from a longitudinal cohort born to women with known alcohol consumption levels (absolute ounces of alcohol per day at conception) who were recruited during pregnancy. Analyses examined the impact of binge drinking, as average ounces of absolute alcohol per drinking day. Smoking and use of cocaine, marijuana, and opiates were also assessed. At 7 years of age, the children completed the Continuous Performance Test, and their teachers completed the Achenbach Teacher Report Form.
After controlling for covariates, stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed a negative relation between levels of prenatal binge drinking and several measures of attention. The interaction between alcohol consumption and maternal age was also significant, indicating that the impact of maternal binge drinking during pregnancy on attention was greater among children born to older drinking mothers.
These findings are consistent with previous findings that children born to older alcohol-using women have more deleterious effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on other neurobehavioral outcomes.
产前暴露于酒精会导致多种形态和神经行为后果，但仍有超过 10%的女性在怀孕期间继续饮酒，使她们的后代面临胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）的风险。部分原因是，除了饮酒模式之外，FASD 的存在和严重程度还受到其他因素的影响，因此难以识别高危妊娠。确定增加 FASD 风险的母体特征（如母亲年龄）对于有针对性的妊娠干预至关重要。
我们研究了 462 名来自纵向队列的儿童的注意调节作用，这些儿童的母亲在怀孕期间已知饮酒量（受孕时每天摄入的绝对酒精量），并招募了这些儿童。分析检查了狂饮行为（每天饮酒的平均绝对酒精量）对注意力的影响。还评估了吸烟和使用可卡因、大麻和阿片类药物的情况。在 7 岁时，孩子们完成了连续性能测试，他们的老师完成了 Achenbach 教师报告表。
在控制了协变量后，逐步多元回归分析显示，产前狂饮水平与注意力的几个衡量标准呈负相关。酒精摄入和母亲年龄之间的相互作用也具有统计学意义，表明母亲在怀孕期间狂饮对注意力的影响在年龄较大的饮酒母亲所生的孩子中更大。
这些发现与先前的发现一致，即年龄较大的饮酒母亲所生的孩子在其他神经行为结果方面，受到产前酒精暴露的负面影响更大。
