Simola P, Niskakangas M, Liukkonen K, Virkkula P, Pitkäranta A, Kirjavainen T, Aronen E T
Clinic for Children and Adolescents, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Child Care Health Dev. 2010 Nov;36(6):805-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01112.x.
Sleep is important to the well-being and development of children. Specially, small children are vulnerable to the effects of inadequate sleep. However, not much is known about the frequency of all types of sleep problems and daytime tiredness in preschool-aged children.
To evaluate the prevalence of a wide spectrum of sleep problems, daytime tiredness and associations between these in 3- to 6-year-old Finnish children.
A population-based study where parents of 3- to 6-year-old children (n= 904) living in Helsinki filled in the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC).
Of the children, 45% had at least one sleep-related problem occurring at least three times a week: 14.1% were unwilling to go to bed, 10.2% had difficulties in falling asleep, 10.2% had bruxism, 6.4% sleep talking, 2.1% sleep terrors, 8.2% had sleep-related breathing problem, 11.2% had excessive sweating while falling asleep and 12.9% excessive sweating during sleep. Age and gender were related to phenotype of the sleeping problems. In multiple regression analysis, the difficulties in initiating and maintaining sleep were most strongly associated with tiredness in the morning and during the day.
Different types of sleep problems are frequent in preschool-aged children. Poor sleep quality is associated with morning and daytime tiredness. In screening for sleep problems in children, attention should be paid not only to sleep amount but also to sleep quality.
睡眠对儿童的幸福和发育至关重要。特别是幼儿容易受到睡眠不足的影响。然而，对于学龄前儿童各类睡眠问题的发生率以及日间疲劳情况，我们了解得并不多。
评估芬兰3至6岁儿童中广泛存在的睡眠问题、日间疲劳情况以及它们之间的关联。
一项基于人群的研究，居住在赫尔辛基的3至6岁儿童（n = 904）的父母填写了儿童睡眠障碍量表（SDSC）。
在这些儿童中，45%至少有一种睡眠相关问题每周至少出现三次：14.1%不愿意上床睡觉，10.2%入睡困难，10.2%有磨牙症，6.4%说梦话，2.1%有夜惊，8.2%有睡眠相关呼吸问题，11.2%入睡时出汗过多，12.9%睡眠中出汗过多。年龄和性别与睡眠问题的表型有关。在多元回归分析中，入睡和维持睡眠困难与早晨及日间疲劳的关联最为紧密。
学龄前儿童中不同类型的睡眠问题很常见。睡眠质量差与早晨及日间疲劳有关。在筛查儿童睡眠问题时，不仅应关注睡眠时间，还应关注睡眠质量。
