Department of Nutrition, Hospitality, and Retailing, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Oct;109(4):1011-8. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01025.2009. Epub 2010 Jul 22.
Acute high-fat (HF) diets can lead to short-term positive fat balances until the body increases fat oxidation to match intake. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a HF diet, rich in either mono-unsaturated or saturated fatty acids (FAs) and exercise, on the rate at which the body adapts to a HF diet.(13)C-labeled oleate and (2)H-labeled palmitate were also given to determine the contribution of exogenous vs. global fat oxidation. Eight healthy men (age of 18-45 yr; body mass index of 22 ± 3 kg/m(2)) were randomized in a 2 × 2 crossover design. The four treatments were a high saturated fat diet with exercise (SE) or sedentary (SS) conditions and a high monounsaturated fat diet with exercise (UE) or sedentary (US) conditions. Subjects stayed for 5 days in a metabolic chamber. All meals were provided. On day 1, 30% of energy intake was from fat, whereas days 2-5 had 50% of energy as fat. Subjects exercised on a stationary cycle at 45% of maximal oxygen uptake for 2 h each day. Respiratory gases and urinary nitrogen were collected to calculate fat oxidation. Change from day 1 to day 5 showed both exercise treatments increased fat oxidation (SE: 76 ± 30 g, P = 0.001; UE: 118 ± 31 g, P < 0.001), whereas neither sedentary condition changed fat oxidation (SS: -10 ± 33 g, P = not significant; US: 41 ± 14 g, P = 0.07). No differences for dietary FA composition were found. Exercise led to a faster adaptation to a HF diet by increasing fat oxidation and achieving fat balance by day 5. Dietary FA composition did not differentially affect 24-h fat oxidation.
急性高脂肪（HF）饮食可导致短期正脂肪平衡，直到身体增加脂肪氧化以匹配摄入。本研究的目的是研究富含单不饱和或饱和脂肪酸（FA）的 HF 饮食和运动对身体适应 HF 饮食的速度的影响。（13）C 标记的油酸和（2）H 标记的棕榈酸也被给予以确定外源性与全球脂肪氧化的贡献。8 名健康男性（年龄 18-45 岁；体重指数 22 ± 3 kg/m(2)) 以 2×2 交叉设计随机分组。四种处理方法是高脂肪饱和脂肪饮食伴运动（SE）或不运动（SS）和高脂肪单不饱和脂肪饮食伴运动（UE）或不运动（US）。受试者在代谢室中停留 5 天。提供所有膳食。第 1 天，30%的能量摄入来自脂肪，而第 2-5 天，50%的能量来自脂肪。受试者每天在固定自行车上以最大摄氧量的 45%运动 2 小时。收集呼吸气体和尿氮以计算脂肪氧化。与第 1 天相比，第 5 天的两种运动处理均增加了脂肪氧化（SE：76 ± 30 g，P = 0.001；UE：118 ± 31 g，P < 0.001），而不运动条件均未改变脂肪氧化（SS：-10 ± 33 g，P = 不显著；US：41 ± 14 g，P = 0.07）。饮食 FA 组成无差异。运动通过增加脂肪氧化和在第 5 天达到脂肪平衡，导致更快地适应 HF 饮食。饮食 FA 组成对 24 小时脂肪氧化没有不同影响。
