Smith JohnEric W, Holmes Megan E, McAllister Matthew J
Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6186, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp). 2015;2015:734649. doi: 10.1155/2015/734649. Epub 2015 Aug 19.
Nutrition is an integral component to any athletes training and performance program. In adults the balance between energy intake and energy demands is crucial in training, recovery, and performance. In young athletes the demands for training and performance remain but should be a secondary focus behind the demands associated with maintaining the proper growth and maturation. Research interventions imposing significant physiological loads and diet manipulation are limited in youth due to the ethical considerations related to potential negative impacts on the growth and maturation processes associated with younger individuals. This necessary limitation results in practitioners providing nutritional guidance to young athletes to rely on exercise nutrition recommendations intended for adults. While many of the recommendations can appropriately be repurposed for the younger athlete attention needs to be taken towards the differences in metabolic needs and physiological differences.
营养是任何运动员训练和表现计划中不可或缺的组成部分。在成年人中，能量摄入与能量需求之间的平衡对于训练、恢复和表现至关重要。在年轻运动员中，训练和表现的需求依然存在，但应次于与维持适当生长和成熟相关的需求。由于与对年轻个体生长和成熟过程的潜在负面影响相关的伦理考量，施加重大生理负荷和饮食操控的研究干预在青少年中受到限制。这种必要的限制导致从业者在为年轻运动员提供营养指导时，依赖针对成年人的运动营养建议。虽然许多建议可适当地重新用于年轻运动员，但需要关注代谢需求和生理差异方面的不同。
