将心理健康纳入赞比亚的初级卫生保健中：服务提供者的观点。
Integrating mental health into primary health care in Zambia: a care provider's perspective.
机构信息
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Chainama College of Health Sciences, Lusaka, Zambia.
出版信息
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2010 Jul 25;4:21. doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-4-21.
BACKGROUND
Despite the 1991 reforms of the health system in Zambia, mental health is still given low priority. This is evident from the fragmented manner in which mental health services are provided in the country and the limited budget allocations, with mental health services receiving 0.4% of the total health budget. Most of the mental health services provided are curative in nature and based in tertiary health institutions. At primary health care level, there is either absence of, or fragmented health services.
AIMS
The aim of this paper was to explore health providers' views about mental health integration into primary health care.
METHODS
A mixed methods, structured survey was conducted of 111 health service providers in primary health care centres, drawn from one urban setting (Lusaka) and one rural setting (Mumbwa).
RESULTS
There is strong support for integrating mental health into primary health care from care providers, as a way of facilitating early detection and intervention for mental health problems. Participants believed that this would contribute to the reduction of stigma and the promotion of human rights for people with mental health problems. However, health providers felt they require basic training in order to enhance their knowledge and skills in providing health care to people with mental health problems.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended that health care providers should be provided with basic training in mental health in order to enhance their knowledge and skills to enable them provide mental health care to patients seeking help at primary health care level.
CONCLUSION
Integrating mental health services into primary health care is critical to improving and promoting the mental health of the population in Zambia.
背景
尽管赞比亚在 1991 年对卫生系统进行了改革，但精神卫生仍然没有得到足够重视。这一点从该国精神卫生服务的分散提供方式和有限的预算分配中可以明显看出，精神卫生服务仅占总卫生预算的 0.4%。提供的大部分精神卫生服务都是治疗性质的，并且基于三级医疗机构。在初级卫生保健层面，要么没有提供精神卫生服务，要么服务分散。
目的
本文旨在探讨卫生服务提供者对将精神卫生纳入初级卫生保健的看法。
方法
采用混合方法，对来自一个城市（卢萨卡）和一个农村（姆万巴）的 111 名初级卫生保健中心的卫生服务提供者进行了结构化调查。
结果
从服务提供者的角度来看，他们强烈支持将精神卫生纳入初级卫生保健，以促进对精神卫生问题的早期发现和干预。参与者认为，这将有助于减少对精神卫生问题患者的污名化，并促进他们的人权。然而，卫生服务提供者认为，他们需要接受基本培训，以提高他们为精神卫生问题患者提供医疗保健的知识和技能。
建议
建议为卫生保健提供者提供基础的精神卫生培训，以提高他们的知识和技能，使他们能够在初级卫生保健层面为寻求帮助的患者提供精神卫生护理。
结论
将精神卫生服务纳入初级卫生保健对于改善和促进赞比亚人口的精神健康至关重要。
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