Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0913, USA.
Virus Res. 2010 Dec;154(1-2):141-9. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.07.020. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an economically important swine pathogen. Since its discovery in the early 1990 s, tremendous progresses have been made in understanding the molecular biology and pathogenesis of PRRSV. Although modified live-attenuated vaccines (MLVs) and inactivated vaccines against PRRSV have been available for more than a decade, the disease remains difficult to control. The efficacies of these vaccines especially against heterologous strains remain questionable: the MLVs were generally effective against homologous strains but variable in success against heterologous strains, and the outcomes of inactivated vaccines in the field are not very promising. With the development of PRRSV reverse genetics systems and the acquisition of new understanding on anti-PRRSV immunity, rational design of the next generation of PRRSV vaccines can now be explored. In this review, we discussed the recent advances in anti-PRRSV immunity and vaccinology, the recent progresses in PRRSV vaccine development particularly the reverse genetics system-based vaccine development, and provided a perspective on potential novel strategies and approaches that may be applicable to the development of the next generation of PRRSV vaccines.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）是一种具有重要经济意义的猪病原体。自 20 世纪 90 年代初发现以来，人们在理解 PRRSV 的分子生物学和发病机制方面取得了巨大进展。尽管针对 PRRSV 的改良活疫苗（MLV）和灭活疫苗已经问世十多年，但该疾病仍然难以控制。这些疫苗的功效，特别是针对异源毒株的功效仍然存在疑问：MLV 通常对同源毒株有效，但对异源毒株的效果各不相同，田间灭活疫苗的结果并不十分理想。随着 PRRSV 反向遗传学系统的发展以及对抗 PRRSV 免疫的新认识的获得，现在可以探索下一代 PRRSV 疫苗的合理设计。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了抗 PRRSV 免疫和疫苗学的最新进展、PRRSV 疫苗开发的最新进展，特别是基于反向遗传学系统的疫苗开发，并对可能适用于下一代 PRRSV 疫苗开发的潜在新策略和方法提供了一个视角。
