Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 6525 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL 60626, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2010 Aug;78(4):511-25. doi: 10.1037/a0019599.
As a follow-up to an earlier cross-sectional study (Holmbeck et al., 2003), the current multimethod, multi-informant investigation examined individual growth in psychosocial adjustment across the adolescent transition in 2 samples: young adolescents with spina bifida (SB) and typically developing adolescents (N = 68 in both groups at Time 1).
Growth curve modeling procedures were used to describe the developmental course of psychosocial adjustment across 4 waves of data collection from ages 8 to 15. Child gender was included in the models as a moderator of associations between illness status and adjustment trajectories.
Findings revealed that preadolescent differences between groups were maintained for several adjustment variables, indicating that adolescents with SB have enduring academic and attention problems and difficulties with social development (e.g., fewer friends and less influence during family interactions). For other outcomes, trajectories of adjustment levels for adolescents with SB converged on levels observed in comparison adolescents, indicating some areas of resilience. Girls with SB were at risk for increasing levels of social difficulties and negative perceptions of their physical appearance. Clinical implications are discussed.
作为早期横断面研究（Holmbeck 等人，2003 年）的后续研究，本多方法、多信息的调查在 2 个样本中检查了青少年过渡期间心理社会适应的个体增长：患有脊柱裂（SB）的青少年和典型发育中的青少年（2 组在第 1 次时均为 68 名）。
使用增长曲线建模程序来描述从 8 岁到 15 岁的 4 轮数据收集期间心理社会适应的发展过程。儿童性别被纳入模型中，作为疾病状态与适应轨迹之间关联的调节因素。
研究结果表明，在几个调整变量上，青少年前组间的差异得以维持，表明 SB 青少年存在持久的学业和注意力问题以及社会发展困难（例如，朋友较少，在家庭互动中影响力较小）。对于其他结果，SB 青少年的调整水平轨迹与对照组青少年观察到的水平趋同，表明存在一些适应力强的领域。患有 SB 的女孩面临社会困难程度增加和对身体外貌负面认知的风险。讨论了临床意义。
