Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2010 Aug;4(4):519-29. doi: 10.1586/ers.10.42.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common and important pathogen in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). With the advent of modern genotyping, a number of clonal strains of P. aeruginosa have been identified, some of which are associated with increased morbidity. The route of cross-infection between people with CF is not clear, but there is evidence that an airborne route may be important. Laboratory studies have shown that P. aeruginosa can survive within droplet nuclei and can potentially remain suspended within aerosols for prolonged periods. Depending upon the air flows, this may result in the bacteria travelling significant distances. A number of clinical studies have demonstrated that people with CF can produce aerosols containing P. aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex. Infection control guidelines need to consider the possibility of droplet, including small-droplet nuclei, transmission of P. aeruginosa and other pathogens between people with CF. Further studies are needed to more accurately quantify the risk of cross-infection between people with CF and to evaluate interventions to minimize the risk.
铜绿假单胞菌是囊性纤维化（CF）患者中常见且重要的病原体。随着现代基因分型技术的出现，已经确定了一些克隆株的铜绿假单胞菌，其中一些与发病率增加有关。CF 患者之间的交叉感染途径尚不清楚，但有证据表明空气传播途径可能很重要。实验室研究表明，铜绿假单胞菌可以在飞沫核内存活，并可能在气溶胶中长时间悬浮。根据空气流动情况，这可能导致细菌传播很远的距离。许多临床研究表明，CF 患者可以产生含有铜绿假单胞菌和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌复合体的气溶胶。感染控制指南需要考虑飞沫（包括小飞沫核）传播的可能性，包括 CF 患者之间铜绿假单胞菌和其他病原体的传播。需要进一步研究以更准确地量化 CF 患者之间交叉感染的风险，并评估干预措施以最大程度地降低风险。
