Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Acad Med. 2010 Sep;85(9):1484-91. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181eb4d17.
Projects--planned activities with specific goals and outcomes--have been used in faculty development programs to enhance participant learning and development. Projects have been employed most extensively in programs designed to develop faculty as educators. The authors review the literature and report the results of their 2008 study of the impact of projects within the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Junior Faculty Development Program, a comprehensive faculty development program. Using a mixed-methods approach, the products of project work, the academic productivity of program graduates, and the impact of projects on career development were analyzed. Faculty who achieved the most progress on their projects reported the highest number of academic products related to their project and the highest number of overall academic achievements. Faculty perceived that their project had three major effects on their professional development: production of a tangible outcome, development of a career focus, and development of relationships with mentors and peers. On the basis of these findings and a review of the literature, the authors conclude that projects are an essential element of a faculty development program. Projects provide a foundation for future academic success by enabling junior faculty to develop and hone knowledge and skills, identify a career focus and gain recognition within their community, generate scholarship, allocate time to academic work, and establish supportive relationships and collaborative networks. A list of best practices to successfully incorporate projects within faculty development programs is provided.
项目——具有特定目标和结果的计划活动——已被用于教师发展计划中，以增强参与者的学习和发展。项目在旨在培养教师作为教育者的计划中应用最广泛。作者回顾了文献，并报告了他们 2008 年对宾夕法尼亚州立大学医学院青年教师发展计划中项目影响的研究结果，该计划是一个全面的教师发展计划。该研究采用混合方法，分析了项目工作的成果、项目毕业生的学术生产力以及项目对职业发展的影响。在项目上取得最大进展的教师报告了与项目相关的最多学术成果和最多的总体学术成就。教师认为他们的项目对他们的专业发展有三个主要影响：产生有形的成果、确定职业重点以及与导师和同行建立关系。基于这些发现和文献回顾，作者得出结论，项目是教师发展计划的一个重要组成部分。项目通过使青年教师发展和磨练知识和技能、确定职业重点并在其社区中获得认可、产生奖学金、分配时间用于学术工作以及建立支持性的关系和合作网络，为未来的学术成功奠定了基础。还提供了在教师发展计划中成功纳入项目的最佳实践列表。
