Residues and Food Safety Branch, Food Division, Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service, Canberra City, ACT, Australia.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Nov;58(2):208-18. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.05.012. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) are standards that represent the maximum residue concentration expected to be found if a pesticide is applied according to good agricultural practice (GAP). MRLs are established only where the residues in food resulting from particular use patterns of the pesticide pass the public health risk assessment. Foodstuffs are monitored for MRL compliance and MRL exceedance can have economic and trade consequences. There is a trade-off when deciding on values for MRLs. The aim is to establish MRLs at levels that are high enough to prevent chance exceedance but not so high that misuse will not be detected. Small data sets typically available for estimating MRLs present problems for establishing consistent values. A review of MRL estimation methods is presented together with an assessment of the various methods.
最大残留限量（MRLs）是指如果农药按照良好农业规范（GAP）使用，预计会在食品中残留的最大浓度标准。只有在杀虫剂的特定使用模式导致食品中的残留物质通过公共健康风险评估时，才会制定 MRLs。食品会被监测以确保符合 MRL 标准，如果超过 MRL，则会产生经济和贸易后果。在确定 MRL 值时需要权衡利弊。其目的是将 MRL 设定在足够高的水平以防止偶然超标，但又不能高到无法检测到滥用的程度。用于估计 MRL 的数据集通常较小，这给确定一致的值带来了问题。本文介绍了 MRL 估计方法的回顾，并对各种方法进行了评估。
