Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environment, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Centro Regional La Platina, 8820000 Santiago, Chile.
Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Universidad de las Américas, Sede Providencia, 7500000 Santiago, Chile.
Molecules. 2020 Jan 15;25(2):355. doi: 10.3390/molecules25020355.
Over the last years, the detection of pesticide residues in the official food surveillance programs of Chile has been increased, mainly in fresh vegetables such as tomatoes and lettuces. The Metropolitana Region of Chile presents the highest detections in the country. The lack of evaluations of toxicological risks in human health have increased uncertainty of the potential effects of pesticides exposures in the Chilean population. This research aims to determinate health risks assessment of pesticide residues associated to tomatoes and lettuces produced in Metropolitana Region. The findings of this study reveal that tomatoes and lettuces cultivated in the MR show more than 50% of samples with one or multiple pesticides residues. From the total samples, 16% were over the Chilean Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs). The main pesticides detected in tomatoes and lettuces were methamidophos, methomyl, difenoconazole, cyprodinil and boscalid. The results obtained using the official data of the Ministry of Health of Chile (MINSAL) compared to the World Health Organization (WHO), describe relevant risks through the Estimated Daily Intakes (EDI), Hazard Quotients (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) for the Chilean population due to high concentrations of methamidophos, methomyl and cyprodinil. More restrictions for the use of methamidophos, methomyl, difenoconazole, cyprodinil and boscalid and effective control programs should be implemented in order to mitigate the impacts on the Chilean population.
近年来，智利官方食品监测计划中对农药残留的检测有所增加，主要是在番茄和生菜等新鲜蔬菜中。智利的首都大区（Metropolitana Region）的检测数量最高。由于缺乏对人体健康毒理学风险的评估，这增加了智利人群暴露于农药的潜在影响的不确定性。本研究旨在评估与首都大区生产的番茄和生菜相关的农药残留的健康风险。研究结果表明，在首都大区种植的番茄和生菜中，超过 50%的样本存在一种或多种农药残留。在所有样本中，有 16%的样本超过了智利的最大残留限量（MRLs）。在番茄和生菜中检测到的主要农药有甲胺磷、灭多威、氟环唑、吡丙醚和苯甲·嘧菌酯。本研究使用智利卫生部（MINSAL）的官方数据与世界卫生组织（WHO）进行了比较，通过估计每日摄入量（EDI）、危害系数（HQ）和危害指数（HI）来描述相关风险，这些数据显示由于甲胺磷、灭多威和吡丙醚的高浓度，对智利人口存在相关风险。应实施更多对甲胺磷、灭多威、氟环唑、吡丙醚和苯甲·嘧菌酯的使用限制和有效的控制计划，以减轻对智利人口的影响。
