美国吸烟者与非吸烟者的预期寿命。

Life expectancies of cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in the United States.

作者信息

Rogers R G, Powell-Griner E

机构信息

Population Program, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 1991;32(10):1151-9. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90092-q.

DOI:10.1016/0277-9536(91)90092-q

PMID:2068598

Abstract

This research employs the National Health Interview and the National Mortality Followback Surveys to calculate life expectancies by age and sex for white nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers in the United States in 1986. In general, life expectancies are higher for never smokers than for former smokers, and higher for former smokers than for current smokers. Heavy smokers have lower life expectancies than persons with all other smoking statuses; indeed, compared to never smokers, heavy smokers at age 25 can expect at least a 25% shorter life. Gender differences in life expectancies were found to persist even with the elimination of smoking. Differences in life expectancy by sex thus appear to be due, in part, to cigarette smoking, but also to occupational, environmental, and sociodemographic factors.

摘要

本研究利用美国国家健康访谈和国家死亡率随访调查，计算了1986年美国白人非吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和当前吸烟者按年龄和性别的预期寿命。一般来说，从不吸烟者的预期寿命高于曾经吸烟者，曾经吸烟者的预期寿命高于当前吸烟者。重度吸烟者的预期寿命低于其他所有吸烟状况的人群；事实上，与从不吸烟者相比，25岁的重度吸烟者预期寿命至少短25%。研究发现，即使消除吸烟因素，预期寿命的性别差异依然存在。因此，预期寿命的性别差异似乎部分归因于吸烟，但也与职业、环境和社会人口因素有关。