Rogot E
Am J Public Health. 1978 Oct;68(10):1023-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.68.10.1023.
Life expectancies were estimated for selected groups of smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers based on the results of a 16-year mortality follow-up of 198,820 U.S. veterans. Life expectancy varied inversely with number of cigarettes smoked per day. The most pronounced differences were between nonsmokers and heavy cigarette smokers (40+ per day). These differences in life expectancy were greatest at the younger ages--nearly 9 years at ages 35 and 40. Life expectancies for cigarette smokers varied directly with age began smoking. For all ages, differences in life expectancy between nonsmokers and ex-cigarette smokers who stopped for other than doctor's orders were less than those between nonsmokers and current cigarette smokers. Results in the present study clearly confirmed Hammond's earlier findings.
基于对198,820名美国退伍军人进行的16年死亡率随访结果，对选定的吸烟者、戒烟者和非吸烟者群体的预期寿命进行了估计。预期寿命与每天吸烟的数量成反比。最显著的差异存在于非吸烟者和重度吸烟者（每天吸40支及以上）之间。这些预期寿命的差异在较年轻的年龄段最为明显——35岁和40岁时相差近9岁。吸烟者的预期寿命与开始吸烟的年龄成正比。对于所有年龄段，因非医嘱而戒烟的戒烟者与非吸烟者之间的预期寿命差异小于当前吸烟者与非吸烟者之间的差异。本研究结果明确证实了哈蒙德早期的发现。
