Loyola University, Department of Philosophy, 1032 West Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA.
Bioethics. 2010 Sep;24(7):333-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01831.x.
This essay will focus on the moral issues relating to surrogacy in the global context, and will critique the liberal arguments that have been offered in support of it. Liberal arguments hold sway concerning reproductive arrangements made between commissioning couples from wealthy nations and the surrogates from socioeconomically weak backgrounds that they hire to do their reproductive labor. My argument in this paper is motivated by a concern for controlling harms by putting the practice of globalized commercial surrogacy into the context of care ethics. As I will argue, the unstable situations into which children of global surrogacy arrangements are born is symbolic of the crisis of care that the practice raises. Using the Baby Manji case as my touch point, I will suggest that liberalism cannot address the harms experienced by Manji and children like her who are created through the global practice of assisted reproductive technology. I will argue that, if commissioning couples consider their proposed surrogacy contracts from a care ethics point of view, they will begin to think relationally about their actions, considering the practice from an ethical lens, not just an economic or contractual one.
这篇文章将聚焦于全球背景下与代孕相关的道德问题，并批判支持代孕的自由派观点。自由派观点在富有国家的委托夫妇与他们雇佣的来自社会经济弱势背景的代孕者之间所做出的生殖安排方面占据主导地位。我在本文中的观点源于对通过将全球化商业代孕实践置于关怀伦理背景下来控制危害的关注。正如我将论证的那样，代孕安排所生育的儿童所处的不稳定情况象征着该实践引发的关怀危机。以 Baby Manji 案为例，我将表明，自由主义无法解决 Manji 以及像她这样通过全球辅助生殖技术实践所创造的儿童所经历的伤害。我将论证，如果委托夫妇从关怀伦理的角度考虑他们提出的代孕合同，他们将开始从关系的角度思考他们的行为，从伦理视角而不仅仅是经济或合同视角来考虑这一实践。
