Aznar Justo, Martínez Peris Miriam
Institute of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Linacre Q. 2019 Feb;86(1):56-67. doi: 10.1177/0024363919830840. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
Surrogate motherhood is an assisted procreation practice by which a woman gestates an embryo with which she has no biological relationship on behalf of a contracting couple or individual, having to relinquish the child to them after its birth. This practice normally entails a financial remuneration for the pregnant woman; when this is not the case, it is called altruistic surrogacy. From a medical perspective, potential problems for the surrogate and for children born through this practice should be taken into account, especially the existence of possible disabilities in the child. The bioethical aspects are of most interest because the practice of surrogacy objectifies the expectant mother, by using her body for a purpose other than her own good, treating her as a commodity, as a thing. The same is true for the child because it makes him a disposable object, something that can be instrumentalized, similarly objectifying him.
代孕是一种辅助生殖行为,即一名女性代表一对签约夫妇或个人孕育与其没有生物学关系的胚胎,并在孩子出生后将其交给他们。这种行为通常会给孕妇带来经济报酬;若没有报酬,则称为利他代孕。从医学角度来看,应考虑代孕女性以及通过这种方式出生的孩子可能面临的问题,尤其是孩子可能存在残疾的情况。生物伦理方面最受关注,因为代孕行为将准母亲物化,利用她的身体实现并非对她自身有益的目的,将她当作商品、当作物品。对孩子来说也是如此,因为这使他成为一个可随意处置的对象,一件可以被利用的东西,同样将他物化了。