Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2010;90:107-20. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(10)90008-1.
The characteristic change in ultrasound signal seen in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease and related disorders is known as hyperechogenicity and is suggested to be a risk or state marker for these disorders. The underlying cellular basis of this change, however, is unknown. Imaging studies on Parkinson's disease patients, experimental studies on animal models, and human postmortem studies support the hypotheses that an alteration in regional iron and/or change in regional cell composition within the substantia nigra underlie this echo feature. Future quantitative postmortem studies incorporating cellular and metal analyses of the substantia nigra, in Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls of known echogenic status during life, will be important to clarify the cellular basis of this change.
在帕金森病和相关疾病中，黑质中超声信号的特征变化被称为高回声，并被认为是这些疾病的风险或状态标志物。然而，这种变化的潜在细胞基础尚不清楚。帕金森病患者的影像学研究、动物模型的实验研究以及人类死后研究支持这样的假设，即黑质内区域铁的改变和/或区域细胞组成的改变是这种回声特征的基础。未来的定量尸检研究，包括帕金森病患者和已知在生命过程中有回声特征的健康对照组的黑质的细胞和金属分析，对于阐明这种变化的细胞基础将非常重要。
