Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010 Jul;95(1):135-40. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2010001100020.
The aging process drastically reduces muscle mass, strength and power, decreasing the capacity to perform the activities of daily living. The practice of resistance exercises can reverse this picture, helping to maintain the muscular mass and improving muscular strength and resistance. However, the aging process causes cardiovascular alterations, which can result in increased blood pressure levels at rest and it is important to analyze the effects of resistance exercises on the blood pressure of elderly individuals. The objective of this study is to evaluate the current scientific knowledge on the responses of the blood pressure to resistance exercises and their mechanisms in elderly individuals. In order to do that, we carried out a literature review related to the theme, in both Portuguese and English. Based on the studies found, the current corpus, although scarce and controversial, suggests that, chronically, resistance exercises can have a hypotensive effect on elderly individuals. However, this effect occurs mainly in normotensive elderly individuals submitted to low-intensity training. The mechanisms involved in the hypotensive response still need to be clarified. Although the resistance training is recommended for elderly individuals and there is some evidence that it can have a chronic hypotensive effect, there is still lack of scientific data and much debate on the subject, which demonstrates that this field is still open to investigation.
衰老过程会大大减少肌肉质量、力量和力量，降低日常生活活动的能力。进行抗阻运动可以扭转这种局面，有助于保持肌肉质量，提高肌肉力量和抵抗力。然而，衰老过程会引起心血管改变，导致静息时血压水平升高，因此分析抗阻运动对老年人血压的影响非常重要。本研究的目的是评估目前关于抗阻运动对老年人血压的反应及其机制的科学知识。为此，我们进行了与主题相关的葡萄牙语和英语文献综述。基于已发现的研究，目前的文献虽然稀缺且存在争议，但表明慢性抗阻运动对老年人有降压作用。然而，这种作用主要发生在接受低强度训练的正常血压老年人中。降压反应的机制仍需阐明。尽管抗阻训练推荐用于老年人，并且有一些证据表明它可以产生慢性降压作用，但关于这个主题仍然缺乏科学数据和大量争议，这表明这个领域仍有待进一步研究。
