Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Global Center of Excellence (COE) Program, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Lab Anim. 2010 Oct;44(4):359-63. doi: 10.1258/la.2010.009127. Epub 2010 Aug 9.
In order to develop tissue engineering applications for oral and maxillofacial surgery, the surgical anatomy of the miniature pig's face was investigated in three miniature pig cadavers and three anaesthetized miniature pigs using identical procedures that were previously described for humans. A preauricular incision with a retromandibular and a submandibular extension was initially made through the facial skin and subcutaneous tissues. The underlying tissues were then carefully dissected in order to progressively expose the platysma muscle, the superficial layer of deep cervical fascia, the marginal mandibular branch and buccal branch of the facial nerve, the mental nerve and the mandibular skeleton. The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve has an upper and lower division. Stimulation of the facial nerve and its branches showed that the upper division of the marginal mandibular branch innervates muscles and tissues in the upper lip and nose region, and the lower division innervates muscles and tissues in the lower lip region. The gross anatomy of the maxillofacial region in the pigs was found to be similar to that of humans. Although the distributions of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and the mental nerve are different from that of humans, we concluded that miniature pigs are a suitable experimental model for the preclinical development of tissue engineering applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
为了开发口腔颌面外科学的组织工程应用，我们在 3 头小型猪尸体和 3 头麻醉的小型猪中使用了与人相同的程序，对小型猪面部的手术解剖结构进行了研究。首先通过面部皮肤和皮下组织做一个耳前切口，向后和向下延伸到下颌下区。然后小心地解剖下面的组织，以逐步暴露颈阔肌、颈深筋膜浅层、面神经的下颌缘支和颊支、颏神经和下颌骨。面神经的下颌缘支有上下两个分支。对面神经及其分支进行刺激显示，下颌缘支的上分支支配上唇和鼻部的肌肉和组织，而下分支支配下唇区域的肌肉和组织。猪的颌面区域的大体解剖结构与人相似。尽管面神经的下颌缘支和颏神经的分布与人类不同，但我们得出结论，小型猪是口腔颌面外科学组织工程应用临床前开发的合适实验模型。
