Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Medical School, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Am J Ind Med. 2010 Sep;53(9):931-9. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20854.
BACKGROUND/AIM: To identify risk and protective factors for crash casualty outcomes in occupational light vehicles (OLV), a previously under-recognized work context for injuries and fatalities.
A register-based study was conducted using linked vehicle crash and registration data (n = 13,491) for the Australian state of New South Wales. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to assess the relationship between casualty outcomes and variables drawn from four domains of potential determinants of severity: user, vehicle, road, and work organization factors.
Nineteen percent of OLV crashes had OLV-user casualties (n = 2,506) and 1% fatalities (n = 34). Adjusted casualty risk factors included tired driver (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.7), no seat belt use (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3), and excessive speed (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.6). Adjusted fatality risk factors were no seat belt (OR 12.9, 95% CI 4.9-34.3) and high-speed zone crash (OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.1-12.3).
OLV users are at risk from both recognized road risks and hazards specific to OLV use. Findings suggest that risk reduction could be improved by the use of safer vehicles, fatigue management, and journey planning.
背景/目的：在职业轻型车辆（OLV）中识别碰撞伤亡的风险和保护因素，这是一个以前被低估的受伤和死亡工作环境。
使用澳大利亚新南威尔士州的车辆碰撞和注册数据（n=13491）进行了一项基于登记的研究。进行了单变量和多变量分析，以评估伤亡结果与四个潜在严重程度决定因素领域的变量之间的关系：用户、车辆、道路和工作组织因素。
19%的 OLV 碰撞事故有 OLV 用户伤亡（n=2506）和 1%的死亡（n=34）。调整后的伤亡风险因素包括疲劳司机（OR 2.1，95%CI 1.5-2.7）、不系安全带（OR 1.8，95%CI 1.4-2.3）和超速（OR 1.4，95%CI 1.2-1.6）。调整后的死亡率风险因素为未系安全带（OR 12.9，95%CI 4.9-34.3）和高速区碰撞（OR 5.0，95%CI 2.1-12.3）。
OLV 用户不仅面临着公认的道路风险，还面临着 OLV 使用特有的风险和危害。研究结果表明，通过使用更安全的车辆、疲劳管理和行程规划，可以提高降低风险的效果。
