Gemechu Tibeso, Dedecha Wako, Gelchu Miesa, Husen Oliyad, Jarso Habtemu
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2023 Oct 19;16:6747-6755. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S431877. eCollection 2023.
Pregnant women with asymptomatic malaria parasitemia are at increased risk of anaemia, stillbirth, miscarriage, and preterm delivery. The asymptomatic nature of the population makes diagnosis difficult, and there is generally a lack of urgency to address this specific outcome.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women in West Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 557 asymptomatic pregnant women in the West Guji Zone from February to March 2022. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics. Approximately 2 milliliters of peripheral blood was collected for microscopy to identify species and parasite density. Epi-Data and SPSS were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors.
The prevalence of malaria among asymptomatic pregnant women was 24.10% (95% CI: 20.55%-27.65%). The prevalence of and prevalence was 73 (54.5%) and 61 (45.5%), respectively. Of the study subjects, 105 (78.4%) had mild parasitemia and 29 (21.6%) had moderate parasitemia. Pregnant women with Plasmodium infection were anaemic in two-thirds (66.5%) of cases. Living near standing water (AOR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.74-3.96), having a history of Plasmodium species infection (AOR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.36-3.31), not using indoor residual spraying (AOR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.32-3.14), and not using insecticide-treated bed nets (AOR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.02-2.55) were all factors that were significantly associated with asymptomatic infection. Pregnant women with Plasmodium infection had a significantly higher rate of anaemia than those who were not infected (OR = 6.31, p = 0.000).
Pregnant women had a significant prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection. Regular screening, appropriate treatment for those who test positive, and health education for pregnant women should be provided by the West Guji Zone Health Bureau.
患有无症状疟疾寄生虫血症的孕妇患贫血、死产、流产和早产的风险增加。该人群的无症状性质使得诊断困难，而且通常缺乏解决这一特定结果的紧迫性。
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州西古吉区孕妇中无症状疟疾的患病率及相关因素。
2022年2月至3月，在西古吉区对随机选取的557名无症状孕妇进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。使用标准化问卷收集社会人口统计学和产科特征信息。采集约2毫升外周血进行显微镜检查，以确定疟原虫种类和寄生虫密度。分别使用Epi-Data和SPSS进行数据录入和分析。采用二元逻辑回归确定危险因素。
无症状孕妇中疟疾的患病率为24.10%（95%置信区间：20.55%-27.65%）。 和 的患病率分别为73例（54.5%）和61例（45.5%）。在研究对象中，105例（78.4%）有轻度寄生虫血症，29例（21.6%）有中度寄生虫血症。感染疟原虫的孕妇中有三分之二（66.5%）患有贫血。居住在死水附近（比值比=2.6，95%置信区间：1.74-3.96）、有疟原虫种类感染史（比值比=2.12，95%置信区间：1.36-3.31）、未使用室内滞留喷洒（比值比=2.0，95%置信区间：1.32-3.14）以及未使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（比值比=1.62，95%置信区间：1.02-2.55）均为与无症状感染显著相关的因素。感染疟原虫的孕妇贫血发生率显著高于未感染者（比值比=6.31，p=0.000）。
孕妇中无症状疟原虫感染的患病率较高。西古吉区卫生局应定期进行筛查，对检测呈阳性者进行适当治疗，并对孕妇进行健康教育。
